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Overview of Environmental and Health Effects Related to Glyphosate Usage

Author

Listed:
  • Tomas Rivas-Garcia

    (Rural Sociology Department, CONACYT-Chapingo Autonomous University, Texcoco 56230, Mexico)

  • Alejandro Espinosa-Calderón

    (Experimental Site Mexico’s Valley-National Institute of Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Texcoco 56230, Mexico)

  • Benjamin Hernández-Vázquez

    (Rural Sociology Department, CONACYT-Chapingo Autonomous University, Texcoco 56230, Mexico)

  • Rita Schwentesius-Rindermann

    (Interdisciplinary Research Center for Integral Rural (CIIDRI), Chapingo Autonomous University, Texcoco 56230, Mexico)

Abstract

Since the introduction of glyphosate ( N -(phosphomethyl) glycine) in 1974, it has been the most used nonselective and broad-spectrum herbicide around the world. The widespread use of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides is due to their low-cost efficiency in killing weeds, their rapid absorption by plants, and the general mistaken perception of their low toxicity to the environment and living organisms. As a consequence of the intensive use and accumulation of glyphosate and its derivatives on environmental sources, major concerns about the harmful side effects of glyphosate and its metabolites on human, plant, and animal health, and for water and soil quality, are emerging. Glyphosate can reach water bodies by soil leaching, runoff, and sometimes by the direct application of some approved formulations. Moreover, glyphosate can reach nontarget plants by different mechanisms, such as spray application, release through the tissue of treated plants, and dead tissue from weeds. As a consequence of this nontarget exposure, glyphosate residues are being detected in the food chains of diverse products, such as bread, cereal products, wheat, vegetable oil, fruit juice, beer, wine, honey, eggs, and others. The World Health Organization reclassified glyphosate as probably carcinogenic to humans in 2015 by the IARC. Thus, many review articles concerning different glyphosate-related aspects have been published recently. The risks, disagreements, and concerns regarding glyphosate usage have led to a general controversy about whether glyphosate should be banned, restricted, or promoted. Thus, this review article makes an overview of the basis for scientists, regulatory agencies, and the public in general, with consideration to the facts on and recommendations for the future of glyphosate usage.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomas Rivas-Garcia & Alejandro Espinosa-Calderón & Benjamin Hernández-Vázquez & Rita Schwentesius-Rindermann, 2022. "Overview of Environmental and Health Effects Related to Glyphosate Usage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:11:p:6868-:d:831639
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marta Kwiatkowska & Paweł Jarosiewicz & Jaromir Michałowicz & Maria Koter-Michalak & Bogumiła Huras & Bożena Bukowska, 2016. "The Impact of Glyphosate, Its Metabolites and Impurities on Viability, ATP Level and Morphological changes in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Vincenzo Torretta & Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis & Paolo Viotti & Elena Cristina Rada, 2018. "Critical Review of the Effects of Glyphosate Exposure to the Environment and Humans through the Food Supply Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Clémentine Antier & Per Kudsk & Xavier Reboud & Lena Ulber & Philippe V. Baret & Antoine Messéan, 2020. "Glyphosate Use in the European Agricultural Sector and a Framework for Its Further Monitoring," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-22, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Huimin Fang & Gaowei Xu & Xinyu Xue & Mengmeng Niu & Lu Qiao, 2022. "Study of Mechanical-Chemical Synergistic Weeding on Characterization of Weed–Soil Complex and Weed Control Efficacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Szilvia Kisvarga & Dóra Hamar-Farkas & Katalin Horotán & Katalin Inotai & Mária Mörtl & András Neményi & András Székács & László Orlóci, 2023. "Morphological, Histological, and Glyphosate Residue Analysis of Helianthus annuus L. Plants Treated with Glyphosate," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, May.

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