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Morphological, Histological, and Glyphosate Residue Analysis of Helianthus annuus L. Plants Treated with Glyphosate

Author

Listed:
  • Szilvia Kisvarga

    (Ornamental Plant and Green System Management Research Group, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning and Garden Art, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1223 Budapest, Hungary)

  • Dóra Hamar-Farkas

    (Ornamental Plant and Green System Management Research Group, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning and Garden Art, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1223 Budapest, Hungary)

  • Katalin Horotán

    (Zoological Department, Institute of Biology, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary)

  • Katalin Inotai

    (Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1022 Budapest, Hungary)

  • Mária Mörtl

    (Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1022 Budapest, Hungary)

  • András Neményi

    (Ornamental Plant and Green System Management Research Group, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning and Garden Art, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1223 Budapest, Hungary)

  • András Székács

    (Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1022 Budapest, Hungary)

  • László Orlóci

    (Ornamental Plant and Green System Management Research Group, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning and Garden Art, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), 1223 Budapest, Hungary)

Abstract

Several recent studies have shown that glyphosate and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), resist rapid degradation and, therefore, can accumulate in plants. Continuing our previous research, we aimed to investigate the effect of indirectly spraying glyphosate on leaves and soil on non-target plants in the case of Helianthus annuus L. The plants were treated with glyphosate in their 5–6 leaf stages, the effects of which were assessed two weeks later from a morphological and histological point of view, as an evaluation of the residues of glyphosate and its metabolite, AMPA. They had an effect on both treated groups. In the case of the morphological parameters (plant height, number of leaves, and fresh and dried root and green mass), the data of the treated plants were statistically lower than in the case of the control group. The epidermis and the transport tissue system were damaged, and tissue death was observed in plants exposed to glyphosate. Both compounds were detected in all plant parts (roots, stems, lower leaves, and upper leaves), well above the limit of detection (0.025 mg/kg) and limit of quantitation 0.075 mg/kg showing a statistical difference with the control plants. This proved that glyphosate is incorporated into the plant organism even when applied indirectly.

Suggested Citation

  • Szilvia Kisvarga & Dóra Hamar-Farkas & Katalin Horotán & Katalin Inotai & Mária Mörtl & András Neményi & András Székács & László Orlóci, 2023. "Morphological, Histological, and Glyphosate Residue Analysis of Helianthus annuus L. Plants Treated with Glyphosate," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:5:p:1014-:d:1139809
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Martha E. Richmond, 2018. "Glyphosate: A review of its global use, environmental impact, and potential health effects on humans and other species," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 8(4), pages 416-434, December.
    2. Tomas Rivas-Garcia & Alejandro Espinosa-Calderón & Benjamin Hernández-Vázquez & Rita Schwentesius-Rindermann, 2022. "Overview of Environmental and Health Effects Related to Glyphosate Usage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Simranjeet Singh & Vijay Kumar & Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill & Shivika Datta & Satyender Singh & Vaishali Dhaka & Dhriti Kapoor & Abdul Basit Wani & Daljeet Singh Dhanjal & Manoj Kumar & S. L. Harikumar & , 2020. "Herbicide Glyphosate: Toxicity and Microbial Degradation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-18, October.
    4. Dóra Farkas & Katalin Horotán & László Orlóci & András Neményi & Szilvia Kisvarga, 2022. "New Methods for Testing/Determining the Environmental Exposure to Glyphosate in Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) Plants," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-15, January.
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