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Building Retrofit and Energy Conservation/Efficiency Review: A Techno-Environ-Economic Assessment of Heat Pump System Retrofit in Housing Stock

Author

Listed:
  • Mustapha Mukhtar

    (School of Economics and Management, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China)

  • Bismark Ameyaw

    (School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China)

  • Nasser Yimen

    (National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon)

  • Quixin Zhang

    (School of Economics and Management, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China)

  • Olusola Bamisile

    (School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China)

  • Humphrey Adun

    (Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Haspolat-Lefkosa 99258, Turkey)

  • Mustafa Dagbasi

    (Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Haspolat-Lefkosa 99258, Turkey)

Abstract

The world has not been able to achieve minimum greenhouse gas emissions in buildings’ energy consumptions because the energy and emissions optimization techniques have not been fully utilized. Thermal comfort is one of the most important issues for both residential and commercial buildings. Out of the 40% of global energy consumed by buildings, a large fraction is used to maintain their thermal comfort. In this study, a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in building energy conservation and efficiency application is presented based on existing high-quality research papers. Additionally, the retrofit of the heating/cooling and hot water system for an entire community in Cyprus is presented. This study aims to analyze the technical and environmental benefits of replacing existing electric heaters for hot water with heat pump water heating systems and the use of heat pump air conditioners for thermal comfort in place of the existing ordinary air conditioners for space heating and cooling. One administrative building, 86 apartments (including residential and commercial) buildings, and a restaurant building is retrofitted, and the feasibility of the project is determined based on three economic indicators, namely; simple payback period ( SPP ), internal rate of return ( IRR ), and net present value ( NPV ). The electrical energy required by the hot water systems and the heating/cooling system is reduced by 263,564 kWh/yr and 144,825 kWh/yr, respectively. Additionally, the retrofit project will reduce Cyprus’ CO 2 emission by 121,592.8 kg yearly. The SPP , IRR , and NPV for the project show that the retrofit is economically feasible.

Suggested Citation

  • Mustapha Mukhtar & Bismark Ameyaw & Nasser Yimen & Quixin Zhang & Olusola Bamisile & Humphrey Adun & Mustafa Dagbasi, 2021. "Building Retrofit and Energy Conservation/Efficiency Review: A Techno-Environ-Economic Assessment of Heat Pump System Retrofit in Housing Stock," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:983-:d:483023
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    6. U. G. D. Madushika & Thanuja Ramachandra & Gayani Karunasena & P. A. D. S. Udakara, 2023. "Energy Retrofitting Technologies of Buildings: A Review-Based Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.
    7. Hélio A. G. Diniz & Tiago F. Paulino & Juan J. G. Pabon & Antônio A. T. Maia & Raphael N. Oliveira, 2021. "Dynamic Model of a Transcritical CO 2 Heat Pump for Residential Water Heating," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-17, March.

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