IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i2p617-d478167.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Predicting Behavioral Intention of Rural Inhabitants toward Economic Incentive for Deforestation in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Saif Ullah

    (College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

  • Ali Abid

    (College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

  • Waqas Aslam

    (College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

  • Rana Shahzad Noor

    (Department of Agriculture, Biological, Environment and Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)

  • Muhammad Mohsin Waqas

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan)

  • Tian Gang

    (College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

Abstract

The conservation of forest in the northern areas of Pakistan is the major priority of the national environmental policy to fight against global warming. Despite the policy for the protection of forest, rural residents’ behavior toward economic incentives for deforestation may undermine their conservation goals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the factors that affect the illegal behaviors related to deforestation in the northern areas of Pakistan. The present study applied the socio-psychological theory of planned behavior to predict the behavioral intention of rural residents toward economic incentives for deforestation. Correlations were explored between background factors toward motivations for deforestation based on positive and negative views through open-ended questions. Attitude and descriptive norm were found good predictors to perceive the behaviors. The findings of the study suggest that rural communities’ support for compliance with policies is vital for the long-term efficacy and protection of the forest in the region. Further, change in the behaviors of inhabitants toward the ecosystem through training can be improved to manage the forest.

Suggested Citation

  • Saif Ullah & Ali Abid & Waqas Aslam & Rana Shahzad Noor & Muhammad Mohsin Waqas & Tian Gang, 2021. "Predicting Behavioral Intention of Rural Inhabitants toward Economic Incentive for Deforestation in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:617-:d:478167
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/2/617/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/2/617/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Miniard, Paul W & Cohen, Joel B, 1983. "Modeling Personal and Normative Influences on Behavior," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 10(2), pages 169-180, September.
    2. Daxini, Amar & Ryan, Mary & O’Donoghue, Cathal & Barnes, Andrew P., 2019. "Understanding farmers’ intentions to follow a nutrient management plan using the theory of planned behaviour," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 428-437.
    3. Babar Shahbaz & Tanvir Ali & Abid Suleri, 2007. "A Critical Analysis of Forest Policies of Pakistan: Implications for Sustainable Livelihoods," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 441-453, May.
    4. Farman Ullah & Shahab E. Saqib & Mokbul Morshed Ahmad & Mahmoud Ali Fadlallah, 2020. "Flood risk perception and its determinants among rural households in two communities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(1), pages 225-247, October.
    5. Nandigama, Sailaja, 2020. "Performance of success and failure in grassroots conservation and development interventions: Gender dynamics in participatory forest management in India," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    6. Ram Avtar & Kenichi Tsusaka & Srikantha Herath, 2019. "REDD+ Implementation in Community-Based Muyong Forest Management in Ifugao, Philippines," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-16, November.
    7. Yahya Sheikh & Muhammad Ibrar & Javed Iqbal, 2019. "Impact of Joint Forest Management on Rural Livelihoods in the Kalam and Siran Forest Divisions, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan," Global Regional Review, Humanity Only, vol. 4(1), pages 225-237, March.
    8. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    9. Ojeda Luna, Tatiana & Zhunusova, Eliza & Günter, Sven & Dieter, Matthias, 2020. "Measuring forest and agricultural income in the Ecuadorian lowland rainforest frontiers: Do deforestation and conservation strategies matter?," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    10. Sirivongs, Khamfeua & Tsuchiya, Toshiyuki, 2012. "Relationship between local residents' perceptions, attitudes and participation towards national protected areas: A case study of Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area, central Lao PDR," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 92-100.
    11. Brankov Jovana & Glavonjić Tamara Jojić & Pešić Ana Milanović & Petrović Marko D. & Tretiakova Tatiana N., 2019. "Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Impact on Community in National Parks in Serbia," European Countryside, Sciendo, vol. 11(1), pages 124-142, March.
    12. Wang, Haoluan & Qiu, Feng, 2017. "Investigating the Impact of Agricultural Land Losses on Deforestation: Evidence From a Peri-urban Area in Canada," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 9-18.
    13. Diouf, Boucar & Miezan, Ekra, 2019. "The biogas initiative in developing countries, from technical potential to failure: The case study of Senegal," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 248-254.
    14. Putraditama, Andika & Kim, Yeon-Su & Sánchez Meador, Andrew Joel, 2019. "Community forest management and forest cover change in Lampung, Indonesia," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 1-1.
    15. Adhikari, Bhim & Di Falco, Salvatore & Lovett, Jon C., 2004. "Household characteristics and forest dependency: evidence from common property forest management in Nepal," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 245-257, February.
    16. Karppinen, Heimo, 2005. "Forest owners' choice of reforestation method: an application of the theory of planned behavior," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 393-409, March.
    17. Miyamoto, Motoe, 2020. "Poverty reduction saves forests sustainably: Lessons for deforestation policies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    18. Popa, Bogdan & Niță, Mihai Daniel & Hălălișan, Aureliu Florin, 2019. "Intentions to engage in forest law enforcement in Romania: An application of the theory of planned behavior," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 33-43.
    19. Yiwen, Zhang & Kant, Shashi & Dong, Jiayun & Liu, Jinlong, 2020. "How communities restructured forest tenure throughout the top-down devolution reform: Using the case of Fujian, China," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    20. Lalisa A. Duguma & Joanes Atela & Peter A. Minang & Alemayehu N. Ayana & Belachew Gizachew & Judith M. Nzyoka & Florence Bernard, 2019. "Deforestation and Forest Degradation as an Environmental Behavior: Unpacking Realities Shaping Community Actions," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-17, January.
    21. Babar Shahbaz & Gimbage Mbeyale & Tobias Haller, 2008. "Trees, trust and the state: a comparison of participatory forest management in Pakistan and Tanzania," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(5), pages 641-653.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Saif Ullah & Yixiong Wu & Azeem Iqbal Khan, 2023. "Evaluating the Socioeconomic Factors on Deforestation in Northern Pakistan: A Study on Existing Economic Incentive Tools for Reducing Deforestation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, March.
    2. Saif Ullah & Rana Shahzad Noor & Ali Abid & Richard K. Mendako & Muhammad Mohsin Waqas & Adnan Noor Shah & Gang Tian, 2021. "Socio-Economic Impacts of Livelihood from Fuelwood and Timber Consumption on the Sustainability of Forest Environment: Evidence from Basho Valley, Baltistan, Pakistan," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, June.
    3. Sahib Oad & Qu Jinliang & Syed Babar Hussain Shah & Shafique-ul-Rehman Memon, 2022. "Tourism: economic development without increasing CO2 emissions in Pakistan," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 4000-4023, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yuzhong Zhang & Xianying Xu & Hujun Liu & Li Wang & Danni Niu, 2023. "Study on Sustainability of Shelter Forest Construction and Protection Behavior of Farmers in the Sandstorm Area of Hexi Corridor, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Abdullah Al Mamun & Syed Ali Fazal & Muhammad Mehedi Masud & Ganeshsree Selvachandran & Noor Raihani Zainol & Quek Shio Gai, 2020. "The Underlying Drivers of Underprivileged Households’ Intention and Behavior towards Community Forestry Management: A Study Using Structural Equation Modelling and Artificial Neural Network Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-26, September.
    3. Li, Fuduo & Zhang, Kangjie & Ren, Jing & Yin, Changbin & Zhang, Yang & Nie, Jun, 2021. "Driving mechanism for farmers to adopt improved agricultural systems in China: The case of rice-green manure crops rotation system," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    4. Serenari, Christopher & Bosak, Keith & Attarian, Aram, 2013. "Cross-cultural efficacy of American low-impact programs: A comparison between Garhwal guide beliefs on environmental behavior and American outdoor travel norms," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 50-60.
    5. Yaghoubi, Jafar & Yazdanpanah, Masoud & Komendantova, Nadejda, 2019. "Iranian agriculture advisors' perception and intention toward biofuel: Green way toward energy security, rural development and climate change mitigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 452-459.
    6. Halder, Pradipta & Pietarinen, Janne & Havu-Nuutinen, Sari & Pöllänen, Sinikka & Pelkonen, Paavo, 2016. "The Theory of Planned Behavior model and students' intentions to use bioenergy: A cross-cultural perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 627-635.
    7. Lijing Gao & J. Arbuckle, 2022. "Examining farmers’ adoption of nutrient management best management practices: a social cognitive framework," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 39(2), pages 535-553, June.
    8. P. P. Braga, Daniel & Pokorny, Benno & Porro, Roberto & Vidal, Edson, 2023. "Good life in the Amazon? A critical reflection on the standard of living of cocoa and cattle-based smallholders in Pará, Brazil," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 31(C).
    9. Börger, Tobias & Hattam, Caroline, 2017. "Motivations matter: Behavioural determinants of preferences for remote and unfamiliar environmental goods," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 64-74.
    10. Bull, Lyndall & Thompson, Derek, 2011. "Developing forest sinks in Australia and the United States -- A forest owner's prerogative," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(5), pages 311-317, June.
    11. Primmer, Eeva & Karppinen, Heimo, 2010. "Professional judgment in non-industrial private forestry: Forester attitudes and social norms influencing biodiversity conservation," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 136-146, February.
    12. Popa, Bogdan & Niță, Mihai Daniel & Hălălișan, Aureliu Florin, 2019. "Intentions to engage in forest law enforcement in Romania: An application of the theory of planned behavior," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 33-43.
    13. Kazungu, Moses & Ferrer Velasco, Rubén & Zhunusova, Eliza & Lippe, Melvin & Kabwe, Gillian & Gumbo, Davison J. & Günter, Sven, 2021. "Effects of household-level attributes and agricultural land-use on deforestation patterns along a forest transition gradient in the Miombo landscapes, Zambia," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    14. Holthausen, Niels, 2006. "Ökonomische Bedeutung und Management von Naturrisiken im Wald: Theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Analysen nach dem Sturm Lothar (1999) in der Schweiz," Schriftenreihe Forstökonomie und Forstplanung, University of Freiburg, Chair of Forestry Economics and Planning, volume 26, number 26.
    15. Murat Okumah & Julia Martin-Ortega & Paula Novo & Pippa J. Chapman, 2020. "Revisiting the Determinants of Pro-Environmental Behaviour to Inform Land Management Policy: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Model Application," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-33, April.
    16. Song Lu & Zehui Zhou & Yingfan Lu, 2022. "Rural Residents’ Perceptions, Attitudes, and Environmentally Responsible Behaviors towards Garbage Exchange Supermarkets: An Example from Huangshan City in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-20, July.
    17. Osman M. Jama & Abdishakur W. Diriye & Abdulhakim M. Abdi, 2023. "Understanding young people’s perception toward forestation as a strategy to mitigate climate change in a post-conflict developing country," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(6), pages 4787-4811, June.
    18. Grace B. Villamor & Andrew Dunningham & Philip Stahlmann-Brown & Peter W. Clinton, 2022. "Improving the Representation of Climate Change Adaptation Behaviour in New Zealand’s Forest Growing Sector," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-18, March.
    19. Laura von Arnim & Matthias Mrozewski, 2020. "Entrepreneurship in an Increasingly Digital and Global World. Evaluating the Role of Digital Capabilities on International Entrepreneurial Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-18, September.
    20. Marzieh Zendehdel & Laily Hj Paim & Syuhaily Bint Osman, 2015. "Students’ online purchasing behavior in Malaysia: Understanding online shopping attitude," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(1), pages 1078428-107, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:617-:d:478167. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.