IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i21p11832-d665181.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Peer-to-Peer Confirmation, Positive Automatic Thoughts, and Flourishing of Computer Programming E-Learners

Author

Listed:
  • Aiste Dirzyte

    (Faculty of Creative Industries, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio Ave. 11, 10221 Vilnius, Lithuania
    Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities 20, 08303 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Živilė Sederevičiūtė-Pačiauskienė

    (Faculty of Creative Industries, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio Ave. 11, 10221 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Jolita Šliogerienė

    (Faculty of Creative Industries, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio Ave. 11, 10221 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Aivaras Vijaikis

    (Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities 20, 08303 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Aidas Perminas

    (Department of Psychology, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Lukas Kaminskis

    (Turing College, Žalgirio g. 90-D, 09300 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Giedrius Žebrauskas

    (Turing College, Žalgirio g. 90-D, 09300 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Kęstutis Mačiulaitis

    (Turing College, Žalgirio g. 90-D, 09300 Vilnius, Lithuania)

Abstract

Computer programming e-learners faced stressful life circumstances and educational changes that affected the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the cognitive model of flourishing focuses on cognitions rather than situations themselves, it was deemed significant to identify peer-to-peer confirmation, positive automatic thoughts, flourishing, and the links between these study variables in a group of computer programming e-learners and compare the results with other e-learners. This study applied the Flourishing Scale (FS), the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire—Positive (ATQP), and the Student-to-Student Confirmation Scale. The sample consisted of 453 e-learners, including 211 computer programming e-learners. The results revealed that computer programming e-learners differed from other e-learners in flourishing, positive daily functioning, and peer-to-peer confirmation. In both samples, positive daily functioning and positive future expectations predicted self-reported flourishing. Positive automatic thoughts and flourishing predicted peer-to-peer confirmation just in the group of computer programming e-learners. The SEM analysis revealed that peer-to-peer confirmation and positive automatic thoughts explained 57.4% of the variance of flourishing in the computer programming e-learners group and 9.3% of the variance in the social sciences e-learners group, χ 2 = 81.320, df = 36, p < 0.001; NFI = 0.963; TLI = 0.967; CFI = 0.979; RMSEA = 0.075 [0.053–0.096]; SRMR = 0.033. The findings signify the importance of peer-to-peer confirmation and positive thoughts for computer programming e-learners’ psychological well-being. Nevertheless, the results of this particular study should be regarded with caution due to the relatively small sample size and other limitations. In the future, it would be valuable to identify the underlying mechanisms and the added value of positive states such as flow, which have recently received the increased attention of researchers.

Suggested Citation

  • Aiste Dirzyte & Živilė Sederevičiūtė-Pačiauskienė & Jolita Šliogerienė & Aivaras Vijaikis & Aidas Perminas & Lukas Kaminskis & Giedrius Žebrauskas & Kęstutis Mačiulaitis, 2021. "Peer-to-Peer Confirmation, Positive Automatic Thoughts, and Flourishing of Computer Programming E-Learners," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-24, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:21:p:11832-:d:665181
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11832/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11832/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ed Diener & Derrick Wirtz & William Tov & Chu Kim-Prieto & Dong-won Choi & Shigehiro Oishi & Robert Biswas-Diener, 2010. "New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(2), pages 143-156, June.
    2. Laura Giuntoli & Francesco Ceccarini & Claudio Sica & Corrado Caudek, 2017. "Validation of the Italian Versions of the Flourishing Scale and of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(1), pages 21582440166, January.
    3. Israel Escudero-Castillo & Fco. Javier Mato-Díaz & Ana Rodriguez-Alvarez, 2021. "Furloughs, Teleworking and Other Work Situations during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Impact on Mental Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-16, March.
    4. Markus Blut & Cheng Wang, 2020. "Technology readiness: a meta-analysis of conceptualizations of the construct and its impact on technology usage," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 649-669, July.
    5. Juan Xu & Harrison Hao Yang & Jason MacLeod, 2018. "STEP on connected classroom climate in a hybrid learning environment," International Journal of Innovation and Learning, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 23(4), pages 430-443.
    6. Jason M. Fletcher, 2008. "Adolescent depression: diagnosis, treatment, and educational attainment," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(11), pages 1215-1235.
    7. Bireswar Dutta & Mei-Hui Peng & Chien-Chih Chen & Shu-Lung Sun, 2021. "Interpreting Usability Factors Predicting Sustainable Adoption of Cloud-Based E-Learning Environment during COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-22, August.
    8. Felicia Huppert & Timothy So, 2013. "Flourishing Across Europe: Application of a New Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 110(3), pages 837-861, February.
    9. Sarstedt, Marko & Hair, Joseph F. & Cheah, Jun-Hwa & Becker, Jan-Michael & Ringle, Christian M., 2019. "How to specify, estimate, and validate higher-order constructs in PLS-SEM," Australasian marketing journal, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 197-211.
    10. Don C. Zhang & Tyler L. Renshaw, 2020. "Personality and College Student Subjective Wellbeing: A Domain-Specific Approach," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 997-1014, March.
    11. Katsunori Sumi, 2014. "Reliability and Validity of Japanese Versions of the Flourishing Scale and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 118(2), pages 601-615, September.
    12. John Coffey & Laura Wray-Lake & Debra Mashek & Brittany Branand, 2016. "A Multi-Study Examination of Well-Being Theory in College and Community Samples," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 187-211, February.
    13. Andrew Howell & Karen Buro, 2015. "Measuring and Predicting Student Well-Being: Further Evidence in Support of the Flourishing Scale and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 121(3), pages 903-915, April.
    14. Jason M. Fletcher, 2008. "Adolescent depression: diagnosis, treatment, and educational attainment," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(11), pages 1215-1235, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Isabella Romano & Mark A. Ferro & Karen A. Patte & Ed Diener & Scott T. Leatherdale, 2020. "Measurement Invariance of the Flourishing Scale among a Large Sample of Canadian Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Begoña Espejo & Irene Checa & Jaime Perales-Puchalt & Juan Francisco Lisón, 2020. "Validation and Measurement Invariance of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) in a Spanish General Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Marta Martín-Carbonell & Irene Checa & Martha Fernández-Daza & Yadid Paternina & Begoña Espejo, 2021. "Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) in the General Colombian Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Jesus Alfonso D. Datu, 2018. "Flourishing is Associated with Higher Academic Achievement and Engagement in Filipino Undergraduate and High School Students," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 27-39, January.
    5. Paola Magnano & Giuseppe Santisi & Andrea Zammitti & Rita Zarbo & Santo Di Nuovo, 2019. "Self-Perceived Employability and Meaningful Work: The Mediating Role of Courage on Quality of Life," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-14, February.
    6. Marta Martín-Carbonell & Begoña Espejo & Irene Checa & Martha Fernández-Daza, 2021. "Adaptation and Measurement Invariance by Gender of the Flourishing Scale in a Colombian Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-12, March.
    7. Anna Parola & Jenny Marcionetti, 2022. "Positive Resources for Flourishing: The Effect of Courage, Self-Esteem, and Career Adaptability in Adolescence," Societies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    8. Benjamin W. Cowan & Zhuang Hao, 2021. "Medicaid expansion and the mental health of college students," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(6), pages 1306-1327, June.
    9. Bryant Pui Hung Hui & Anise M. S. Wu & Nicolson Y. F. Siu & Ming-Lun Chung & Ngai Pun, 2019. "The Effects of Need Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction on Flourishing among Young Chinese Gamers: The Mediating Role of Internet Gaming Disorder," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-14, November.
    10. Chua Bee Seok & Getrude Cosmas & Shazia Iqbal Hashmi & Carmella Ading, 2022. "Psychometric and Gender Invariance Analysis of the Flourishing Scale in the Malaysian Context," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    11. Laura Giuntoli & Francesco Ceccarini & Claudio Sica & Corrado Caudek, 2017. "Validation of the Italian Versions of the Flourishing Scale and of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(1), pages 21582440166, January.
    12. Dinand Webbink & Sunčica Vujić & Pierre Koning & Nicholas G. Martin, 2012. "The Effect Of Childhood Conduct Disorder On Human Capital," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(8), pages 928-945, August.
    13. Sakari Kainulainen, 2020. "Flourishing within the Working-Aged Finnish Population," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 15(1), pages 187-205, March.
    14. Buyi Wang & Richard Frank & Sherry Glied, 2023. "Lasting scars: The impact of depression in early adulthood on subsequent labor market outcomes," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(12), pages 2694-2708, December.
    15. Rees, Daniel I. & Sabia, Joseph J. & Argys, Laura M., 2009. "A head above the rest: Height and adolescent psychological well-being," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 7(2), pages 217-228, July.
    16. Jason M. Fletcher, 2014. "The Effects Of Childhood Adhd On Adult Labor Market Outcomes," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 23(2), pages 159-181, February.
    17. Nona C. Kiknadze & Blaine J. Fowers, 2023. "Cultural Variation in Flourishing," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 2223-2244, October.
    18. Liu, Yinbo & Ni, Xiaoli & Niu, Gengfeng, 2020. "The influence of active social networking services use and social capital on flourishing in Chinese adolescents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    19. Xiangdan Piao & Xinxin Ma & Chi Zhang & Shunsuke Managi, 2020. "Impact of Gaps in the Educational Levels between Married Partners on Health and a Sustainable Lifestyle: Evidence from 32 Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, June.
    20. Reuben D. Rusk, 2022. "An Adaptive Motivation Approach to Understanding the ‘How’ and ‘Why’ of Wellbeing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-24, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:21:p:11832-:d:665181. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.