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IoT-Based Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Smart Campus

Author

Listed:
  • Ali M. Eltamaly

    (Saudi Electricity Company Chair in Power System Reliability and Security, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
    Sustainable Energy Technologies Center, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
    Electrical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

  • Majed A. Alotaibi

    (Saudi Electricity Company Chair in Power System Reliability and Security, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdulrahman I. Alolah

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohamed A. Ahmed

    (Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
    Department of Communications and Electronics, Higher Institute of Engineering & Technology–King Marriott, Alexandria 23713, Egypt)

Abstract

There is a growing interest in increasing the penetration rate of renewable energy systems due to the drawbacks associated with the use of fossil fuels. However, the grid integration of renewable energy systems represents many challenging tasks for system operation, stability, reliability, and power quality. Small hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are small-scale power systems consisting of energy sources and storage units to manage and optimize energy production and consumption. Appropriate real-time monitoring of HRES plays an essential role in providing accurate information to enable the system operator to evaluate the overall performance and identify any abnormal conditions. This work proposes an internet of things (IoT) based architecture for HRES, consisting of a wind turbine, a photovoltaic system, a battery storage system, and a diesel generator. The proposed architecture is divided into four layers: namely power, data acquisition, communication network, and application layers. Due to various communication technologies and the missing of a standard communication model for HRES, this work, also, defines communication models for HRES based on the IEC 61850 standard. The monitoring parameters are classified into different categories, including electrical, status, and environmental information. The network modeling and simulation of a university campus is considered as a case study, and critical parameters, such as network topology, link capacity, and latency, are investigated and discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali M. Eltamaly & Majed A. Alotaibi & Abdulrahman I. Alolah & Mohamed A. Ahmed, 2021. "IoT-Based Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Smart Campus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:15:p:8555-:d:605953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ali M. Eltamaly & Mohamed A. Ahmed & Majed A. Alotaibi & Abdulrahman I. Alolah & Young-Chon Kim, 2020. "Performance of Communication Network for Monitoring Utility Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Mostafa Kermani & Domenico Luca Carnì & Sara Rotondo & Aurelio Paolillo & Francesco Manzo & Luigi Martirano, 2020. "A Nearly Zero-Energy Microgrid Testbed Laboratory: Centralized Control Strategy Based on SCADA System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-15, April.
    3. Bahram Shakerighadi & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam & Juan C. Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2018. "Internet of Things for Modern Energy Systems: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Open Issues," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-23, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Afsaneh Ghanavati & Marisha Rawlins & Douglas Dow & Christopher Sweeny & Jackson Smith, 2023. "Interpretation of the Power Consumption Characterization of an Urban University Campus toward Power System Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Hosseini Dehshiri, Seyyed Jalaladdin & Amiri, Maghsoud, 2023. "Evaluating the risks of the internet of things in renewable energy systems using a hybrid fuzzy decision approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    3. Ali M. Eltamaly, 2023. "Smart Decentralized Electric Vehicle Aggregators for Optimal Dispatch Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-27, December.
    4. Bourhis, M. & Pereira, M. & Ravelet, F., 2023. "Experimental investigation of the effects of the Reynolds number on the performance and near wake of a wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 63-70.
    5. Alessandro Burgio & Domenico Cimmino & Andrea Nappo & Luigi Smarrazzo & Giuseppe Donatiello, 2023. "An IoT-Based Solution for Monitoring and Controlling Battery Energy Storage Systems at Residential and Commercial Levels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-21, March.
    6. Zoltán Csedő & Máté Zavarkó & Balázs Vaszkun & Sára Koczkás, 2021. "Hydrogen Economy Development Opportunities by Inter-Organizational Digital Knowledge Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-26, August.
    7. Radhwan Sneesl & Yusmadi Yah Jusoh & Marzanah A. Jabar & Salfarina Abdullah, 2022. "Revising Technology Adoption Factors for IoT-Based Smart Campuses: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-27, April.

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