IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i24p10647-d465178.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How to Increase Ocean Literacy for Future Ocean Sustainability? The Influence of Non-Formal Marine Science Education

Author

Listed:
  • Melita Mokos

    (Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
    Association for Biodiversity Preservation Aurelia, Put Bokanjca 26 a, 23000 Zadar, Croatia)

  • Giulia Realdon

    (UNICAMearth Workgroup, Geology Section, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy)

  • Ivana Zubak Čižmek

    (Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000 Zadar, Croatia
    Association for Biodiversity Preservation Aurelia, Put Bokanjca 26 a, 23000 Zadar, Croatia)

Abstract

Even though the ocean is a defining feature on Earth that regulates climate and provides oxygen, food, and jobs, students still have low to moderate marine and ocean literacy knowledge. Ocean literacy is an understanding of the ocean’s influence on people and people’s influence on the ocean. It is an emerging need necessary for ensuring the sustainability of the ocean and its resources. The UN has declared a Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, and one of the priority research and development areas is ocean literacy. Unfortunately, marine science and ocean literacy topics are poorly represented in school curricula across the world. This study presents the level of marine knowledge in a sample of primary school students before and after different themed non-formal educational interventions and the effect of non-formal educational activities on students’ knowledge. These activities led to significant increase in the knowledge level three weeks after they were performed, indicating the retention of gained information. Performed educational activities and knowledge transfer from graduate level to primary school level significantly increased the level of students’ knowledge, and consequently ocean literacy, and revealed some of the learning misconceptions. Results of this study show that there is a need for an integrated approach to the teaching of Ocean Literacy starting from the early grades by combining teacher’s professional development, strengthening ocean-related topics in school curricula, and promoting non-formal educational activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Melita Mokos & Giulia Realdon & Ivana Zubak Čižmek, 2020. "How to Increase Ocean Literacy for Future Ocean Sustainability? The Influence of Non-Formal Marine Science Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10647-:d:465178
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/24/10647/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/24/10647/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Quinn McNemar, 1947. "Note on the sampling error of the difference between correlated proportions or percentages," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 12(2), pages 153-157, June.
    2. Yen-Ling Lin & Liang-Yu Wu & Liang-Ting Tsai & Cheng-Chieh Chang, 2020. "The Beginning of Marine Sustainability: Preliminary Results of Measuring Students’ Marine Knowledge and Ocean Literacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Khademi-Vidra, Anikó, 2017. "Curriculum Planning Of The Environmental Education," Journal of Central European Green Innovation, Karoly Robert University College, vol. 5(1).
    4. Martin Visbeck, 2018. "Ocean science research is key for a sustainable future," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-4, December.
    5. Guest, Haley & Lotze, Heike K. & Wallace, Douglas, 2015. "Youth and the sea: Ocean literacy in Nova Scotia, Canada," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 98-107.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Cheng-Chieh Chang & Thakkar Chandni Hirenkumar & Chin-Kuo Wu, 2021. "The Concept of Ocean Sustainability in Formal Education—Comparative Ocean Literacy Coverage Analysis of the Educational Standards of India and the USA," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-25, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Natalie Fox & Jamie Marshall & Dorothy Jane Dankel, 2021. "Ocean Literacy and Surfing: Understanding How Interactions in Coastal Ecosystems Inform Blue Space User’s Awareness of the Ocean," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Guang-Ying Liu & Yi-Chen Lin & Ting-Kuang Yeh, 2023. "Motivating Individuals to Take Responsible Ocean Action: The Mediatory Effects of Attitude toward the Ocean," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Uttam Bandyopadhyay & Atanu Biswas & Shirsendu Mukherjee, 2009. "Adaptive two-treatment two-period crossover design for binary treatment responses incorporating carry-over effects," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 18(1), pages 13-33, March.
    4. Bester Tawona Mudereri & Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman & Shepard Ndlela & Louisa Delfin Mutsa Makumbe & Christabel Chiedza Nyanga & Henri E. Z. Tonnang & Samira A. Mohamed, 2022. "Integrating the Strength of Multi-Date Sentinel-1 and -2 Datasets for Detecting Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) Orchards in a Semi-Arid Environment in Zimbabwe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Nosi, Costanza & D’Agostino, Antonella & Pratesi, Carlo Alberto & Barbarossa, Camilla, 2021. "Evaluating a social marketing campaign on healthy nutrition and lifestyle among primary-school children: A mixed-method research design," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    6. John E. Core, 2010. "Discussion of Chief Executive Officer Equity Incentives and Accounting Irregularities," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(2), pages 273-287, May.
    7. Preety Srivastava & Xueyan Zhao, 2010. "What Do the Bingers Drink? Micro‐Unit Evidence on Negative Externalities and Drinker Characteristics of Alcohol Consumption by Beverage Types," Economic Papers, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 29(2), pages 229-250, June.
    8. Hanousek Jan & Kočenda Evžen & Novotný Jan, 2012. "The identification of price jumps," Monte Carlo Methods and Applications, De Gruyter, vol. 18(1), pages 53-77, January.
    9. Monnery, Benjamin & Wolff, François-Charles & Henneguelle, Anaïs, 2020. "Prison, semi-liberty and recidivism: Bounding causal effects in a survival model," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    10. Holger Schwender & Margaret A. Taub & Terri H. Beaty & Mary L. Marazita & Ingo Ruczinski, 2012. "Rapid Testing of SNPs and Gene–Environment Interactions in Case–Parent Trio Data Based on Exact Analytic Parameter Estimation," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 68(3), pages 766-773, September.
    11. Matysková, Ludmila & Rogers, Brian & Steiner, Jakub & Sun, Keh-Kuan, 2020. "Habits as adaptations: An experimental study," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 391-406.
    12. André, Kévin, 2013. "Applying the Capability Approach to the French Education System: An Assessment of the "Pourquoi pas moi ?"," ESSEC Working Papers WP1316, ESSEC Research Center, ESSEC Business School.
    13. Ferdinando Nunziata & Andrea Buono & Maurizio Migliaccio, 2018. "COSMO–SkyMed Synthetic Aperture Radar Data to Observe the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
    14. repec:hal:journl:hal-00880246 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Ruiz-Frau, A. & Krause, T. & Marbà , N., 2018. "The use of sociocultural valuation in sustainable environmental management," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 29(PA), pages 158-167.
    16. repec:cup:judgdm:v:8:y:2013:i:3:p:278-298 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Andrei Polejack & Sigi Gruber & Mary S. Wisz, 2021. "Atlantic Ocean science diplomacy in action: the pole-to-pole All Atlantic Ocean Research Alliance," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, December.
    18. Shaub, David, 2020. "Fast and accurate yearly time series forecasting with forecast combinations," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 116-120.
    19. AlMalki, Hameeda A. & Durugbo, Christopher M., 2023. "Evaluating critical institutional factors of Industry 4.0 for education reform," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    20. Guevara, C. Angelo & Fukushi, Mitsuyoshi, 2016. "Modeling the decoy effect with context-RUM Models: Diagrammatic analysis and empirical evidence from route choice SP and mode choice RP case studies," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 318-337.
    21. Bovi, M., 2005. "Economic Clubs and European Commitment. Evidence from the International Business Cycles," International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 2(2), pages 101-122.
    22. Glueck Deborah H & Mandel Jan & Karimpour-Fard Anis & Hunter Lawrence & Muller Keith E, 2008. "Exact Calculations of Average Power for the Benjamini-Hochberg Procedure," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 4(1), pages 1-20, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10647-:d:465178. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.