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Anthropogenic and Climate Effects on a Free Dam Tropical River: Measuring the Contributions on Flow Regime

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  • Verônica Bernardes de Souza Léo

    (Post-Graduation Program in Civil Engineering, Campus II, Federal Center of Tecnological Education of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 30510-000, Brazil
    Axis of Sustainability and Environmental Issues, Campus Santa Luzia, Federal Institute of Minas Gerais, Santa Luzia 33115-390, Brazil)

  • Hersília de Andrade e Santos

    (Post-Graduation Program in Civil Engineering, Campus II, Federal Center of Tecnological Education of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 30510-000, Brazil)

  • Letícia Cristina Oliveira Pereira

    (Departament of Civil Engineering, Campus II, Federal Center of Tecnological Education of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 30510-000, Brazil)

  • Lilia Maria de Oliveira

    (Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Campus I, Federal Center of Tecnological Education of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 30421-169, Brazil)

Abstract

The demand for freshwater resources and climate change pose a simultaneous threat to rivers. Those impacts are often analyzed separately, and some human impacts are widely evaluated in river dynamics—especially in downstream areas rather than the consequences of land cover changes in headwater reaches. The distinction between anthropogenic and climate on the components of the flow regime is proposed here for an upstream free dam reach whose watershed is responsible for the water supply in Rio de Janeiro. Indicators of hydrologic alteration (IHA) and the range of variability approach (RVA) combined with statistical analyses of anthropogenic and climate parameters indicated that (1) four river flow components (magnitude, frequency, duration, and rate of change) were greatly altered from the previous period (1947 to 1967) and the actual (1994 to 2014); (2) shifts in the sea surface temperature of the Atlantic correlated with flow magnitude; (3) the cattle activity effects on the flow regime of the studied area decreased 42.6% of superficial discharge; global climate change led to a 10.8% reduction in the same river component. This research indicated that climate change will impact the intensification of human actions on rivers in the southeast Brazilian headwaters.

Suggested Citation

  • Verônica Bernardes de Souza Léo & Hersília de Andrade e Santos & Letícia Cristina Oliveira Pereira & Lilia Maria de Oliveira, 2020. "Anthropogenic and Climate Effects on a Free Dam Tropical River: Measuring the Contributions on Flow Regime," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:23:p:10030-:d:454424
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lei Zou & Jun Xia & Dunxian She, 2018. "Analysis of Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Hydrological Drought: a Case Study in the Wei River Basin, China," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(4), pages 1421-1438, March.
    2. João Paulo Lyra Fialho Brêda & Rodrigo Cauduro Dias Paiva & Walter Collischon & Juan Martín Bravo & Vinicius Alencar Siqueira & Elisa Bolzan Steinke, 2020. "Climate change impacts on South American water balance from a continental-scale hydrological model driven by CMIP5 projections," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 159(4), pages 503-522, April.
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