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Analysis of Self-Concept in Adolescents before and during COVID-19 Lockdown: Differences by Gender and Sports Activity

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriel González-Valero

    (Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Félix Zurita-Ortega

    (Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • David Lindell-Postigo

    (Novaschool Sunland International, Estación de Cártama-Málaga, Carretera de Cártama Estación a Pizarra, s/n 29580 Cártama, Spain)

  • Javier Conde-Pipó

    (Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Wilhelm Robert Grosz

    (Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania)

  • Georgian Badicu

    (Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania)

Abstract

An appeal has been issued to the scientific community to investigate physical, mental and emotional states, and pro-social behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this study aims to investigate adolescents’ self-concept before and during a lockdown period in relation to gender and type/amount of physical activity or sports. The pre-lockdown sample of 366 adolescents were aged 13–17 years (M = 15.51 ± 0.65), of whom 192 (52.5%) were females and 174 (47.5%) were males. During the lockdown, the age range of the sample was 13–17 years (M = 14.57 ± 1.47), of whom 82 (60.3%) were females, and 54 (39.7%) were males. The Form-5 Self-concept Questionnaire (AF-5) was used to measure adolescents’ self-concept. There was a reduction in adolescents’ overall self-concept during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was positively associated with emotional well-being, with family and peers being essential factors in the development of an appropriate self-concept. Furthermore, girls’ self-concept, especially academic self-concept, was higher than that of boys during the lockdown. However, both physical and emotional self-concept were higher for boys than girls before the COVID-19 lockdown, although no differences were found during the lockdown. The findings reveal that physical activity was positively correlated to self-concept before and during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel González-Valero & Félix Zurita-Ortega & David Lindell-Postigo & Javier Conde-Pipó & Wilhelm Robert Grosz & Georgian Badicu, 2020. "Analysis of Self-Concept in Adolescents before and during COVID-19 Lockdown: Differences by Gender and Sports Activity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:18:p:7792-:d:416795
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lubhana Malik Mental, 2019. "Mental Health in Adolescents," Global Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 6(3), pages 45-46, March.
    2. Buldú, Javier M. & Antequera, Daniel R. & Aguirre, Jacobo, 2020. "The resumption of sports competitions after COVID-19 lockdown: The case of the Spanish football league," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Berasategi Sancho, Naiara & Idoiaga Mondragon, Nahia & Dosil Santamaria, Maria & Eiguren Munitis, Amaia, 2021. "The Well-being of children in lock-down: Physical, emotional, social and academic impact," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    2. María Huertas González-Serrano & Rómulo Jacobo González-García & Ana Gómez-Tafalla & Ignacio Refoyo Román & Fernando García-Pascual & Ferran Calabuig, 2022. "Promoting Physical Activity Habits after Completing Secondary School: Does the Age Matter?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-19, October.
    3. Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez & Félix Zurita-Ortega & Gabriel González-Valero & Pilar Puertas-Molero & Georgian Badicu & Gianpiero Greco & Stefania Cataldi & Francesco Fischetti, 2022. "Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption on Physical Activity and Physical and Social Self-Concept in Secondary School Students: An Explanatory Model Regarding Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-14, August.

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