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Relative Importance of Land Use and Climate Change on Hydrology in Agricultural Watershed of Southern China

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  • Lanhua Luo

    (College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
    Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Qing Zhou

    (College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

  • Hong S. He

    (School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA)

  • Liangxia Duan

    (College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

  • Gaoling Zhang

    (College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

  • Hongxia Xie

    (College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

Abstract

Quantitative assessment of the impact of land use and climate change on hydrological processes is of great importance to water resources planning and management. The main objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the response of runoff to land use and climate change in the Zhengshui River Basin of Southern China, a heavily used agricultural basin. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate the river runoff for the Zhengshui River Basin. Specifically, a soil database was constructed based on field work and laboratory experiments as input data for the SWAT model. Following SWAT calibration, simulated results were compared with observed runoff data for the period 2006 to 2013. The Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient (NSE) and the correlation coefficient (R 2 ) for the comparisons were greater than 0.80, indicating close agreement. The calibrated models were applied to simulate monthly runoff in 1990 and 2010 for four scenarios with different land use and climate conditions. Climate change played a dominant role affecting runoff of this basin, with climate change decreasing simulated runoff by −100.22% in 2010 compared to that of 1990, land use change increasing runoff in this basin by 0.20% and the combination of climate change and land use change decreasing runoff by 60.8m 3 /s. The decrease of forestland area and the corresponding increase of developed land and cultivated land area led to the small increase in runoff associated with land use change. The influence of precipitation on runoff was greater than temperature. The soil database used to model runoff with the SWAT model for the basin was constructed using a combination of field investigation and laboratory experiments, and simulations of runoff based on that new soil database more closely matched observations of runoff than simulations based on the generic Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD). This study may provide an important reference to guide management decisions for this and similar watersheds.

Suggested Citation

  • Lanhua Luo & Qing Zhou & Hong S. He & Liangxia Duan & Gaoling Zhang & Hongxia Xie, 2020. "Relative Importance of Land Use and Climate Change on Hydrology in Agricultural Watershed of Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:16:p:6423-:d:396901
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tiezhu Yan & Jianwen Bai & Amelia LEE ZHI YI & Zhenyao Shen, 2018. "SWAT-Simulated Streamflow Responses to Climate Variability and Human Activities in the Miyun Reservoir Basin by Considering Streamflow Components," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-21, March.
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    5. Xiao-Bo Luan & Pu-Te Wu & Shi-Kun Sun & Xiao-Lei Li & Yu-Bao Wang & Xue-Rui Gao, 2018. "Impact of Land Use Change on Hydrologic Processes in a Large Plain Irrigation District," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(9), pages 3203-3217, July.
    6. Gassman, Philip W. & Reyes, Manuel R. & Green, Colleen H. & Arnold, Jeffrey G., 2007. "The Soil and Water Assessment Tool: Historical Development, Applications, and Future Research Directions," ISU General Staff Papers 200701010800001027, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
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    1. Junmei Kang & Zhihua Wang & Hongbin Cheng & Jun Wang & Xiaoliang Liu, 2022. "Remote Sensing Land Use Evolution in Earthquake-Stricken Regions of Wenchuan County, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-23, August.
    2. Tao Tao & Du Wang & Ganping Huang & Liqing Lin & Chenhao Wu & Qixin Xu & Jun Zhao & Guangren Qian, 2023. "Assessing the Long-Term Hydrological Effects of Rapid Urbanization in Metropolitan Shanghai, China: The Finer the Landscape Classification, the More Accurate the Modeling?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-14, April.

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