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The Effects of Multiple Factors on Elderly Pedestrians’ Speed Perception and Stopping Distance Estimation of Approaching Vehicles

Author

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  • Jiaming Shi

    (Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

  • Changxu Wu

    (Center for Psychological Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
    Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA)

  • Xiuying Qian

    (Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
    Center for Psychological Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

Abstract

To make safe road-crossing decisions, it is necessary for pedestrians to accurately estimate the speed and stopping distance of approaching vehicles. Accordingly, the objective of our study was to examine the effects of multiple factors, such as weather conditions, context time (day or night), and illuminance of the roads, on older pedestrians’ (>60 years old) speed perception and stopping distance estimation of approaching vehicles. The participants in this study included 48 older participants who were asked to estimate the speed and stopping distance of approaching vehicles based on 12 s video clips that were selected from natural conditions. The results revealed that actual speeds, weather, context time, and lighting conditions played important roles in the performance of the participants. Compared with young adults, older pedestrians were found to have smaller accurate estimation intervals that varied by multidimensional influencing factors and thus resulted in missing road-crossing opportunities at lower vehicles’ speeds and increasing road-crossing dangers at higher speeds. The older pedestrians’ performance with respect to speed perception and stopping distance estimation is modeled using a regression model with a complex level of tasks. These models can be used by engineers when establishing speed limits and lighting conditions in the areas with senior residents.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiaming Shi & Changxu Wu & Xiuying Qian, 2020. "The Effects of Multiple Factors on Elderly Pedestrians’ Speed Perception and Stopping Distance Estimation of Approaching Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:13:p:5308-:d:378769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. G. Yannis & E. Papadimitriou & A. Theofilatos, 2013. "Pedestrian gap acceptance for mid-block street crossing," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(5), pages 450-462, July.
    2. Rajagopal, 2014. "The Human Factors," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Architecting Enterprise, chapter 9, pages 225-249, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    1. Leiv Opstad, 2020. "Attitudes towards Statistics among Business Students: Do Gender, Mathematical Skills and Personal Traits Matter?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Liuchang Xu & Jie Wang & Dayu Xu & Liang Xu, 2022. "Integrating Individual Factors to Construct Recognition Models of Consumer Fraud Victimization," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-12, January.

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