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Spatio–Temporal Variations in Impervious Surface Patterns during Urban Expansion in a Coastal City: Xiamen, China

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  • Wang Man

    (Department of Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China)

  • Qin Nie

    (Department of Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China)

  • Lizhong Hua

    (Department of Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China)

  • Xuewen Wu

    (Department of Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China)

  • Hui Li

    (Department of Spatial Information Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China)

Abstract

Impervious surfaces (IS) coverage is a quantifiable environmental indicator for understanding urban sprawl and its potential impacts on sustainability of urban ecological environments. Numerous studies have previously demonstrated global and regional IS variation, but little attention has been paid to the different internal and external patterns of IS development as urbanization progresses. This study estimates IS coverage in a subtropical coastal area of Xiamen, southeastern China, from Landsat TM/OLI images obtained in 1994, 2000, 2004, 2010, and 2015, and quantifies its spatio–temporal variations using IS change trajectories and radar graphs. During the study period, IS gradually expanded along the shoreline in a pattern resembling the shape of the bay. The land surfaces are classified into four zones: IS1 and IS2, dominated by cultivated land and forest; IS3, complex land use/coverage; and IS4, built-up areas. The progression and transformations of these zones highlight the main trends in IS changes in the study area. The trajectories of the zones form a layered structure in which the urban centers of each district progressively gain IS4, and transformations into IS3 and IS2 extend successively beyond the centers. The orientation of IS expansion in each of the six districts of Xiamen is revealed by radar graphs. The areas containing intermediate and high percentages IS each expanded in generally consistent directions throughout the study period, except in Tong’an district, which showed a change in the direction of expansion of its area of intermediate and high IS.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang Man & Qin Nie & Lizhong Hua & Xuewen Wu & Hui Li, 2019. "Spatio–Temporal Variations in Impervious Surface Patterns during Urban Expansion in a Coastal City: Xiamen, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:8:p:2404-:d:225180
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karen C. Seto & Robert K. Kaufmann, 2003. "Modeling the Drivers of Urban Land Use Change in the Pearl River Delta, China: Integrating Remote Sensing with Socioeconomic Data," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 79(1), pages 106-121.
    2. Man, Wang & Nie, Qin & Li, Zongmei & Li, Hui & Wu, Xuewen, 2019. "Using fractals and multifractals to characterize the spatiotemporal pattern of impervious surfaces in a coastal city: Xiamen, China," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 520(C), pages 44-53.
    3. Eduardo Gomes & Arnaud Banos & Patrícia Abrantes & Jorge Rocha, 2018. "Assessing the Effect of Spatial Proximity on Urban Growth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-14, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wenying Wang & Shuwen Wang, 2024. "Sustainable Stormwater Management for Different Types of Water-Scarce Cities: Environmental Policy Effect of Sponge City Projects in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-21, July.
    2. Lizhong Hua & Xinxin Zhang & Qin Nie & Fengqin Sun & Lina Tang, 2020. "The Impacts of the Expansion of Urban Impervious Surfaces on Urban Heat Islands in a Coastal City in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, January.

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