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Relevance Analysis on the Variety Characteristics of PM 2.5 Concentrations in Beijing, China

Author

Listed:
  • Binxu Zhai

    (Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Jianguo Chen

    (Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Wenwen Yin

    (Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Zhongliang Huang

    (Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

Abstract

Air pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems in the world. Considering Beijing and six surrounding cities as main research areas, this study takes the daily average pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors from 2 December 2013 to 30 June 2017 into account and studies the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and the relevant relationship of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) concentrations in Beijing. Based on correlation analysis and geo-statistics techniques, the inter-annual, seasonal, and diurnal variation trends and temporal spatial distribution characteristics of PM 2.5 concentration in Beijing are studied. The study results demonstrate that the pollutant concentrations in Beijing exhibit obvious seasonal and cyclical fluctuation patterns. Air pollution is more serious in winter and spring and slightly better in summer and autumn, with the spatial distribution of pollutants fluctuating dramatically in different seasons. The pollution in southern Beijing areas is more serious and the air quality in northern areas is better in general. The diurnal variation of air quality shows a typical seasonal difference and the daily variation of PM 2.5 concentrations present a “W” type of mode with twin peaks. Besides emission and accumulation of local pollutants, air quality is easily affected by the transport effect from the southwest. The PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations measured from the city of Langfang are taken as the most important factors of surrounding pollution factors to PM 2.5 in Beijing. The concentrations of PM 10 and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in Beijing are the most significant local influencing factors to PM 2.5 in Beijing. Extreme wind speeds and maximal wind speeds are considered to be the most significant meteorological factors affecting the transport of pollutants across the region. When the wind direction is weak southwest wind, the probability of air pollution is greater and when the wind direction is north, the air quality is generally better.

Suggested Citation

  • Binxu Zhai & Jianguo Chen & Wenwen Yin & Zhongliang Huang, 2018. "Relevance Analysis on the Variety Characteristics of PM 2.5 Concentrations in Beijing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:9:p:3228-:d:168849
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiannan Wu & Pan Zhang & Hongtao Yi & Zhao Qin, 2016. "What Causes Haze Pollution? An Empirical Study of PM 2.5 Concentrations in Chinese Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-14, January.
    2. J. Lelieveld & J. S. Evans & M. Fnais & D. Giannadaki & A. Pozzer, 2015. "The contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale," Nature, Nature, vol. 525(7569), pages 367-371, September.
    3. Xiaodong Li & Xuwu Chen & Xingzhong Yuan & Guangming Zeng & Tomás León & Jie Liang & Gaojie Chen & Xinliang Yuan, 2017. "Characteristics of Particulate Pollution (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) and Their Spacescale-Dependent Relationships with Meteorological Elements in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-14, December.
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    2. Kayoung Kim & Young Ho Byun & Donghyuk Lee & Noeon Park, 2019. "Understanding the Global Status of Particulate Matter with Respect to Research Topics and Research Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-16, October.

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