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Effects of Forest Restoration on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Their Stoichiometry in Hunan, Southern China

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  • Chuanhong Xu

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

  • Wenhua Xiang

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

  • Mengmeng Gou

    (Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China)

  • Liang Chen

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

  • Pifeng Lei

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

  • Xi Fang

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

  • Xiangwen Deng

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

  • Shuai Ouyang

    (Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
    Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystems in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China)

Abstract

Forest restoration affects nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the dynamics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorous (P), and their stoichiometry (C:N:P ratio) in the soil during forest restoration are poorly understood in subtropical areas. In the current study, we collected soil samples at three depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) at three restoration stages (early, intermediate, and late) in subtropical forests. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), and total phosphorous (P) concentrations were determined. Forest restoration significantly affected soil nutrient concentrations and stock ( p < 0.05). SOC concentrations increased from 12.6 to 18.6 g/kg and N concentrations increased from 1.2 to 1.6 g/kg, while P decreased from 0.3 to 0.2 g/kg. A similar pattern of change was found for the nutrient stock as restoration proceeded. C:P and N:P ratios increased to a greater extent than that of C:N ratios during forest restoration, implying that subtropical forests might be characterized by P limitation over time. The slopes and intercepts for the linear regression relationships between SOC, N, and P concentrations were significantly different across the forest restoration stages ( p < 0.05). This indicated that forest restoration significantly affects the coupled relationships among C-N, C-P, and N-P in subtropical forest soil. Our results add to the current body of knowledge about soil nutrient characteristics and have useful implications for sustainable forest management in subtropical areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Chuanhong Xu & Wenhua Xiang & Mengmeng Gou & Liang Chen & Pifeng Lei & Xi Fang & Xiangwen Deng & Shuai Ouyang, 2018. "Effects of Forest Restoration on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Their Stoichiometry in Hunan, Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:1874-:d:150624
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shuai Wang & Qiubing Wang & Kabindra Adhikari & Shuhai Jia & Xinxin Jin & Hongbin Liu, 2016. "Spatial-Temporal Changes of Soil Organic Carbon Content in Wafangdian, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Marcel G. A. van der Heijden & John N. Klironomos & Margot Ursic & Peter Moutoglis & Ruth Streitwolf-Engel & Thomas Boller & Andres Wiemken & Ian R. Sanders, 1998. "Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem variability and productivity," Nature, Nature, vol. 396(6706), pages 69-72, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ye Xiao & Zhigang Huang & Yulin Ling & Shenwen Cai & Boping Zeng & Sheng Liang & Xiao Wang, 2022. "Effects of Forest Vegetation Restoration on Soil Organic Carbon and Its Labile Fractions in the Danxia Landform of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-16, September.
    2. Jun Wang & Wei Dai & Kaikai Fang & Hui Gao & Zhimin Sha & Linkui Cao, 2022. "Nutrient Characterization in Soil Aggregate Fractions with Different Fertilizer Treatments in Greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Xuli Chen & Manfei Wang & Fujia Wu & Bo Sun & Tianyu Yang & Huixing Song, 2021. "Soil Bacteria and Fungi Respond Differently to Organisms Covering on Leshan Giant Buddha Body," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-13, April.

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