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Squeezed Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Permeable Sensor Surface

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  • Iskandar Waini

    (Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia)

  • Anuar Ishak

    (Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Ioan Pop

    (Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

Abstract

This paper examines the squeezed hybrid nanofluid flow over a permeable sensor surface with magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and radiation effects. The alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and copper (Cu) are considered as the hybrid nanoparticles, while water is the base fluid. The governing equations are reduced to the similarity equations, using the similarity transformation. The resulting equations are programmed in Matlab software through the bvp4c solver to obtain the numerical solutions. It was found that the heat transfer rate was greater for the hybrid nanofluid, compared to the regular nanofluid. It was observed that dual solutions exist for some values of the permeable parameter S . The upper branch solutions of the skin friction coefficient ( Re x 1 / 2 C f ) and the heat transfer rate at the surface ( Re x − 1 / 2 N u x ) enhance with the added Cu nanoparticle ( φ 2 ) and for larger magnetic strength ( M ). Moreover, the values of Re x 1 / 2 C f decrease, whereas the values of Re x − 1 / 2 N u x increase for both branches, with the rise of the squeeze flow index ( b ). Besides, an increment of the heat transfer rate at the sensor surface for both branches was observed in the presence of radiation ( R ). Temporal stability analysis was employed to determine the stability of the dual solutions, and it was discovered that only one of them was stable and physically reliable as time evolves.

Suggested Citation

  • Iskandar Waini & Anuar Ishak & Ioan Pop, 2020. "Squeezed Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Permeable Sensor Surface," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:6:p:898-:d:366514
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sarkar, Jahar & Ghosh, Pradyumna & Adil, Arjumand, 2015. "A review on hybrid nanofluids: Recent research, development and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 164-177.
    2. Ranga Babu, J.A. & Kumar, K. Kiran & Srinivasa Rao, S., 2017. "State-of-art review on hybrid nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 551-565.
    3. Sundar, L. Syam & Sharma, K.V. & Singh, Manoj K. & Sousa, A.C.M., 2017. "Hybrid nanofluids preparation, thermal properties, heat transfer and friction factor – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 185-198.
    4. Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie & Norihan Md Arifin & Roslinda Nazar & Ezad Hafidz Hafidzuddin & Nadihah Wahi & Ioan Pop, 2019. "A Stability Analysis for Magnetohydrodynamics Stagnation Point Flow with Zero Nanoparticles Flux Condition and Anisotropic Slip," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Iskandar Waini & Anuar Ishak & Yian Yian Lok & Ioan Pop, 2022. "Micropolar Nanofluid Flow in a Stagnation Region of a Shrinking Sheet with Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(17), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie & Iskandar Waini & Anuar Ishak & Ioan Pop, 2022. "Blasius Flow over a Permeable Moving Flat Plate Containing Cu-Al 2 O 3 Hybrid Nanoparticles with Viscous Dissipation and Radiative Heat Transfer," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Gopinath Veeram & Pasam Poojitha & Harika Katta & Sanakkayala Hemalatha & Macherla Jayachandra Babu & Chakravarthula S. K. Raju & Nehad Ali Shah & Se-Jin Yook, 2022. "Simulation of Dissipative Hybrid Nanofluid (PEG-Water + ZrO 2 + MgO) Flow by a Curved Shrinking Sheet with Thermal Radiation and Higher Order Chemical Reaction," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, May.

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