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Flow towards a Stagnation Region of a Vertical Plate in a Hybrid Nanofluid: Assisting and Opposing Flows

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  • Iskandar Waini

    (Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
    Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Anuar Ishak

    (Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Ioan Pop

    (Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

Abstract

This study investigates a hybrid nanofluid flow towards a stagnation region of a vertical plate with radiation effects. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles which are added into water to form Cu-Al 2 O 3 /water nanofluid. The stagnation point flow describes the fluid motion in the stagnation region of a solid surface. In this study, both buoyancy assisting and opposing flows are considered. The similarity equations are obtained using a similarity transformation and numerical results are obtained via the boundary value problem solver (bvp4c) in MATLAB software. Findings discovered that dual solutions exist for both opposing and assisting flows. The heat transfer rate is intensified with the thermal radiation (49.63%) and the hybrid nanoparticles (32.37%).

Suggested Citation

  • Iskandar Waini & Anuar Ishak & Ioan Pop, 2021. "Flow towards a Stagnation Region of a Vertical Plate in a Hybrid Nanofluid: Assisting and Opposing Flows," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:448-:d:504357
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nurul Amira Zainal & Roslinda Nazar & Kohilavani Naganthran & Ioan Pop, 2020. "Unsteady Three-Dimensional MHD Non-Axisymmetric Homann Stagnation Point Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid with Stability Analysis," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Sarkar, Jahar & Ghosh, Pradyumna & Adil, Arjumand, 2015. "A review on hybrid nanofluids: Recent research, development and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 164-177.
    3. Ranga Babu, J.A. & Kumar, K. Kiran & Srinivasa Rao, S., 2017. "State-of-art review on hybrid nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 551-565.
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