IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v13y2024i12p2034-d1531581.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Projected and Perceived Destination Images of the Tsunami Memorial Parks After the Great East Japan Earthquake: A Text Mining Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Sihan Zhang

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Qian Wang

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Prudens Naura Afzelia

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Yan Tang

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Yilan Xie

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Jing Zhang

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Yusuke Matsuyama

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

  • Katsunori Furuya

    (Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo 271-8510, Chiba, Japan)

Abstract

Following the Great East Japan Earthquake, dark tourism was developed in the Tohoku Region of Japan. Notably, two government-built tsunami memorial parks in Ishinomaki and Rikuzentakata have obtained attention for their profound disaster narratives, iconic disaster sites, and expansive layouts. This study is the first to compare the projected destination image presented by destination management organizations with the perceived destination image held by visitors in these parks, and in dark tourism. Using online text data from both supply and demand sides of dark tourism and text mining analyses such as word frequency analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and affection tendency examination, we revealed similarities and disparities between these two perspectives. Furthermore, this study concluded dimensions specific to dark tourism sites within the cognitive and affective destination image. Based on the findings, the study provides advice for destination managers to improve these sites, including developing non-dark tourism products and improving infrastructures. Additionally, it proposes placing greater emphasis on themes of revitalization and future development, while fostering visitor engagement in local non-profit and citizen activities to strengthen connections with residents. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of text mining in comparing projected and perceived destination images in the context of dark tourism sites.

Suggested Citation

  • Sihan Zhang & Qian Wang & Prudens Naura Afzelia & Yan Tang & Yilan Xie & Jing Zhang & Yusuke Matsuyama & Katsunori Furuya, 2024. "Projected and Perceived Destination Images of the Tsunami Memorial Parks After the Great East Japan Earthquake: A Text Mining Analysis," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:12:p:2034-:d:1531581
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2034/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/12/2034/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Young Hoon Kim & Nelson A. Barber, 2022. "Tourist’s destination image, place dimensions, and engagement: the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and dark tourism," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(17), pages 2751-2769, September.
    2. Suosheng Wang & Shengrong Chen & Honggang Xu, 2019. "Resident attitudes towards dark tourism, a perspective of place-based identity motives," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(13), pages 1601-1616, August.
    3. Sihan Zhang & Ryo Nishisaka & Shixian Luo & Jing Xie & Katsunori Furuya, 2024. "The Interplay between Citizen Activities and Space across Different Official Memorial Landscape Construction Phases: Disaster Risk Reduction in Ishinomaki, Japan," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-28, July.
    4. Lingling Wu & Tetsuo Shimizu, 2020. "Analyzing dynamic change of tourism destination image under the occurrence of a natural disaster: evidence from Japan," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(16), pages 2042-2058, August.
    5. Daniel Wright & Richard Sharpley, 2018. "Local community perceptions of disaster tourism: the case of L'Aquila, Italy," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(14), pages 1569-1585, September.
    6. Anand, Punam & Holbrook, Morris B & Stephens, Debra, 1988. "The Formation of Affective Judgments: The Cognitive-Affective Model versus the Independence Hypothesis," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 15(3), pages 386-391, December.
    7. Ganna Yankovska & Kevin Hannam, 2014. "Dark and toxic tourism in the Chernobyl exclusion zone," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(10), pages 929-939, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Söderström, Charlotte & Mikalef, Patrick & Dypvik Landmark, Andreas & Gupta, Shivam, 2024. "Augmented reality (AR) marketing and consumer responses: A study of cue-utilization and habituation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    2. Joo, Dongoh & Tasci, Asli D.A. & Woosnam, Kyle M. & Maruyama, Naho U. & Hollas, Chadley R. & Aleshinloye, Kayode D., 2018. "Residents' attitude towards domestic tourists explained by contact, emotional solidarity and social distance," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 245-257.
    3. David A. Soberman, 2004. "Research Note: Additional Learning and Implications on the Role of Informative Advertising," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(12), pages 1744-1750, December.
    4. Cesaroni, Fabrizio & Maydeu Olivares, Alberto & Ho, Han Chiang, 2011. "Understanding the role of attitude components in co-branding: an application to high-tech, luxury co-branded products," IC3JM - Estudios = Working Papers id-11-01, Instituto Mixto Carlos III - Juan March de Ciencias Sociales (IC3JM).
    5. Francesca Canio & Elisa Martinelli & Giampaolo Viglia, 2023. "Reopening after the pandemic: leveraging the destination image to offset the negative effects of perceived risk," Italian Journal of Marketing, Springer, vol. 2023(2), pages 99-118, June.
    6. Laroche, Michel & Kim, Chankon & Zhou, Lianxi, 1996. "Brand familiarity and confidence as determinants of purchase intention: An empirical test in a multiple brand context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 115-120, October.
    7. Jan R. Landwehr & Aparna A. Labroo & Andreas Herrmann, 2011. "Gut Liking for the Ordinary: Incorporating Design Fluency Improves Automobile Sales Forecasts," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 30(3), pages 416-429, 05-06.
    8. Xesfingi, Sofia & Papadopoulou, Georgia & Karamanis, Dimitrios & Martens, Hanno M., 2018. "Visitors’ satisfaction in Dubai and pre-trip destination image," MPRA Paper 89850, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Canh P Nguyen, 2023. "Last chance to travel or safety first? The influence of exposure to natural hazards and coping capacities on tourism consumption," Tourism Economics, , vol. 29(4), pages 952-985, June.
    10. Xing Xu & Aonan Wei & Yuchan Liu & Tiansheng Xia, 2022. "The Relationship between Perceived Risks and Campsite Selection in the COVID-19 Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-12, November.
    11. Yueh-Tung Hua & Kun-Yu Liu & Hsien-Che Huang & Ian D. Rotherham & Shang-Chun Ma, 2023. "Testing Variation in Esports Spectators’ Motivations in Relation to Consumption Behaviour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, January.
    12. Naoi, Taketo & Airey, David & Iijima, Shoji & Niininen, Outi, 2007. "Towards a theory of visitors' evaluation of historical districts as tourism destinations: Frameworks and methods," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(4), pages 396-400, April.
    13. repec:cte:idrepe:id-11-01 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Deng, Ning & Li, Xiang (Robert), 2018. "Feeling a destination through the “right” photos: A machine learning model for DMOs’ photo selection," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 267-278.
    15. María Moral-Moral, 2024. "Behavioral Intention of Residents in Dark Tourism: An Empirical Approach," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-19, December.
    16. Carola Grebitus & Ellen J. Van Loo, 2022. "Relationship between cognitive and affective processes, and willingness to pay for pesticide‐free and GMO‐free labeling," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 53(3), pages 407-421, May.
    17. Veronica Leoni & David Boto-García, 2023. "The Effect of Natural Disasters on Hotel Demand, Supply and Labour Markets: Evidence from the La Palma Volcano Eruption," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 86(4), pages 755-780, December.
    18. Schnittka, Oliver & Sattler, Henrik & Zenker, Sebastian, 2012. "Advanced brand concept maps: A new approach for evaluating the favorability of brand association networks," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 265-274.
    19. Felix Adamu Nandonde, 2015. "Exploring Foreign Tourists' Image of Tanzania: A Factorial Analysis Approach," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1-2), pages 144-158, January.
    20. Jennifer Yee-Shan Chang & Rupam Konar & Jun-Hwa Cheah & Xin-Jean Lim, 2024. "Does privacy still matter in smart technology experience? A conditional mediation analysis," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 71-86, March.
    21. Esen ŞAHİN & Melis ATTAR & Aboobakr NIAVAND, 2020. "The Influence of Advertising on Brand Equity of Chabahar Free Zone Tourism Destination (Iran)," Istanbul Management Journal, Istanbul University Business School, vol. 0(88), pages 21-55, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:12:p:2034-:d:1531581. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.