IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v12y2023i7p1473-d1201230.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploring the Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development in Rural Tourism: A Perspective and Method Based on the AVC Theory

Author

Listed:
  • Lili Liu

    (School of Architecture, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Ruonan Wu

    (School of Architecture, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Yuanrong Lou

    (School of Architecture, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Pingping Luo

    (School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
    Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China
    Xi’an Monitoring, Modelling and Early Warning of Watershed Spatial Hydrology International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China)

  • Yan Sun

    (National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China)

  • Bin He

    (National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China)

  • Maochuan Hu

    (School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Srikantha Herath

    (National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China)

Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a surge in rural tourism, catering to consumers during the pandemic. However, rural tourism faces severe issues of homogeneity and environmental degradation owing to excessive development. Sustainable development of rural tourism is an urgent problem. This study, based on the average variable cost (AVC) theory, aims to explore the sustainable development of rural tourism landscapes with a focus on the Shijing area. A landscape evaluation system was established through factor analysis and weight calculations, with ten principal components contributing to a cumulative contribution rate of 77.196%. The weighted values for attractiveness, vitality, and resilience were 0.539, 0.297, and 0.164, respectively. The findings indicate that Caijiapo Village had the highest comprehensive score of 88.79 (good level of performance), whereas Laoyukou Village had the lowest comprehensive score of 80.25 (average level of performance). Caijiapo and Liyukou exhibited the strongest overall strength, whereas Liyuanpo and Xiazhuang had moderate overall strength, and Laoyukou had the weakest overall strength. The results reveal that all five villages possess rich natural landscapes and favorable geographical conditions, demonstrating the potential and attractiveness of rural tourism development. However, the overall carrying capacity was moderate and vitality was relatively weak. This supports the AVC theory application in rural tourism research and emphasizes the importance of rural landscape quality and economic vitality. The main contributions of this study are as follows: (1) the establishment of a rural tourism landscape evaluation system based on the AVC theory, providing a scientific assessment method for sustainable development; (2) the case evaluation in the Shiying area provides decision-makers with reference for development strategies; (3) emphasis on the importance of ecological conservation in rural tourism and providing recommendations to address issues of homogenization and environmental degradation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lili Liu & Ruonan Wu & Yuanrong Lou & Pingping Luo & Yan Sun & Bin He & Maochuan Hu & Srikantha Herath, 2023. "Exploring the Comprehensive Evaluation of Sustainable Development in Rural Tourism: A Perspective and Method Based on the AVC Theory," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:7:p:1473-:d:1201230
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/7/1473/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/7/1473/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mauro Agnoletti & Francesca Emanueli & Federica Corrieri & Martina Venturi & Antonio Santoro, 2019. "Monitoring Traditional Rural Landscapes. The Case of Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Rongtian Zhang & Xiaolin Zhang, 2023. "Spatial Pattern Evolution and Driving Mechanism of Rural Settlements in Rapidly Urbanized Areas: A Case Study of Jiangning District in Nanjing City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Theano S. Terkenli, 2021. "Research Advances in Tourism-Landscape Interrelations: An Editorial," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-8, September.
    4. Mercedes Jiménez-García & José Ruiz-Chico & Antonio Rafael Peña-Sánchez, 2020. "Landscape and Tourism: Evolution of Research Topics," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-17, December.
    5. Sardaro, Ruggiero & La Sala, Piermichele & De Pascale, Gianluigi & Faccilongo, Nicola, 2021. "The conservation of cultural heritage in rural areas: Stakeholder preferences regarding historical rural buildings in Apulia, southern Italy," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    6. Qi Yang, 2023. "Research on the Changes in Cultural Landscape of Tourist-Type Traditional Chinese Villages from the Perspective of Cultural Memory: Taking Anzhen Village in Chongqing as an Example," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, April.
    7. Weiwen Li & Yijiang Zhou & Xingan Dai & Fang Hu, 2022. "Evaluation of Rural Tourism Landscape Resources in Terms of Carbon Neutrality and Rural Revitalization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, March.
    8. Yung-Lun Liu & Jui-Te Chiang & Pen-Fa Ko, 2023. "The benefits of tourism for rural community development," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    9. Gao, Jing & Wu, Bihu, 2017. "Revitalizing traditional villages through rural tourism: A case study of Yuanjia Village, Shaanxi Province, China," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 223-233.
    10. Sarfaraz Hashemkhani Zolfani & Maedeh Sedaghat & Reza Maknoon & Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, 2015. "Sustainable tourism: a comprehensive literature review on frameworks and applications," Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(1), pages 1-30, January.
    11. Hao Zhang & Ye Duan & Zenglin Han, 2021. "Research on Spatial Patterns and Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism Destinations in the Yellow River Basin of China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-24, August.
    12. Wei Li & Yang Zhou & Zhanwei Zhang, 2021. "Strategies of Landscape Planning in Peri-Urban Rural Tourism: A Comparison between Two Villages in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-13, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wei He & Pingping Luo & Qianxiu Lyu & Jian Hu, 2024. "How Do the Home Country Regulations Promote the Responsibility for Overseas Farmland Investment?," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, July.
    2. Yanbo Wang & Kankan Li & Jiaxin Li & Tiange Hao & Zhishu Zhou, 2024. "Comparative Study of Cognitive Differences in Rural Landscapes Based on Eye Movement Experiments," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Huizhan Wang & Huimin Wang, 2024. "Research on the Tourism-Promoting Rural Revitalisation Model Based on Grounded Theory: The Case of Shibadong Village in Huayuan County, Hunan Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Qi Mu & Fabrizio Aimar, 2022. "How Are Historical Villages Changed? A Systematic Literature Review on European and Chinese Cultural Heritage Preservation Practices in Rural Areas," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Theano S. Terkenli, 2021. "Research Advances in Tourism-Landscape Interrelations: An Editorial," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-8, September.
    3. Chenmei Liao & Yifan Zuo & Rob Law & Yingying Wang & Mu Zhang, 2022. "Spatial Differentiation, Influencing Factors, and Development Paths of Rural Tourism Resources in Guangdong Province," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-18, November.
    4. Xiaogang Feng & Moqing Hu & Sekhar Somenahalli & Xinyuan Bian & Meng Li & Zaihui Zhou & Fengxia Li & Yuan Wang, 2023. "A Study of Spatio-Temporal Differentiation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Shaanxi Province’s Traditional Heritage Villages," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-18, May.
    5. Xiaojuan Rao & Hongliang Qiu & Alastair M. Morrison & Wei Wei & Xihua Zhang, 2022. "Predicting Private and Public Pro-Environmental Behaviors in Rural Tourism Contexts Using SEM and fsQCA: The Role of Destination Image and Relationship Quality," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-30, March.
    6. Keke Sun & Zeyu Xing & Xia Cao & Weijia Li, 2021. "The Regime of Rural Ecotourism Stakeholders in Poverty-Stricken Areas of China: Implications for Rural Revitalization," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-28, September.
    7. Haoran Su & Yaowu Wang & Zhen Zhang & Wen Dong, 2022. "Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Traditional Village Distribution in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-26, September.
    8. Katarzyna Pukowiec-Kurda & Oimahmad Rahmonov & Michał Sobala & Urszula Myga-Piątek, 2021. "The Assessment of Hydrogeosites in the Fann Mountains, Tajikistan as a Basis for Sustainable Tourism," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-18, December.
    9. Wei Zheng & Hongliang Qiu & Alastair M. Morrison & Wei Wei & Xihua Zhang, 2022. "Landscape and Unique Fascination: A Dual-Case Study on the Antecedents of Tourist Pro-Environmental Behavioral Intentions," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-20, March.
    10. Zaitul Zaitul & Ilona Desi & Novianti Neva, 2022. "Village-Based Tourism Performance: Tourist Satisfaction and Revisit Intention," Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, Sciendo, vol. 29(2), pages 36-43, June.
    11. Guillermo Bermúdez-González & Eva María Sánchez-Teba & María-Dolores Benítez-Márquez & José Jesús Vegas-Melero, 2023. "Generation Z members‘ intentions to work in tourism in their World Heritage Site hometowns," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.
    12. Ying Lu & Walter Timo de Vries, 2023. "Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Rural Development in China over the Past 40 Years," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    13. Tie Wang & Wei Wang & Zhongjun Wu & Ching-Hui Su & Ming-Hsiang Chen, 2019. "Understanding Farm Households’ Participation in Nong Jia Le in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, February.
    14. Poulomi Chakraborty & Somnath Ghosal, 2022. "Status of mountain-tourism and research in the Indian Himalayan Region: a systematic review," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 6(3), pages 863-897, October.
    15. Vesna Rajčević & Tanja Mišlicki Tomić & Irena Medar-Tanjga & Mlađen Trifunović & Neda Živak & Aleksandra Petrašević, 2023. "The Role of Landscape in Sustainable Tourism Development—A Study of Identification and Evaluation of Landscape Qualities of the Vrbanja Basin in Bosnia and Herzegovina," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-19, April.
    16. Giao, Ha Nam Khanh & Vuong, Bui Nhat & Phuong, Nguyen Ngoc Duy & Dat, Ngo Tan, 2021. "A model of factors affecting domestic tourist satisfaction on eco-tourism service quality in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam," OSF Preprints vxg9r, Center for Open Science.
    17. Setiawan Priatmoko & Moaaz Kabil & Ali Akaak & Zoltán Lakner & Csaba Gyuricza & Lóránt Dénes Dávid, 2023. "Understanding the Complexity of Rural Tourism Business: Scholarly Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.
    18. Rui Jun Qin & Ho Hon Leung, 2021. "Becoming a Traditional Village: Heritage Protection and Livelihood Transformation of a Chinese Village," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-28, February.
    19. Elena Gorbenkova & Elena Shcherbina, 2020. "Historical-Genetic Features in Rural Settlement System: A Case Study from Mogilev District (Mogilev Oblast, Belarus)," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-17, May.
    20. Ziyu Jia & Yan Jiao & Wei Zhang & Zheng Chen, 2022. "Rural Tourism Competitiveness and Development Mode, a Case Study from Chinese Township Scale Using Integrated Multi-Source Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-17, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:7:p:1473-:d:1201230. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.