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A New Indicator to Better Represent the Impact of Landscape Pattern Change on Basin Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in the Upper Reach of Ganjiang, China

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  • Yongfen Zhang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
    Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330029, China)

  • Nong Wang

    (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330029, China)

  • Chongjun Tang

    (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330029, China)

  • Shiqiang Zhang

    (College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China)

  • Yuejun Song

    (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330029, China)

  • Kaitao Liao

    (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330029, China
    School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330027, China)

  • Xiaofei Nie

    (Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang 330029, China
    Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Xianyang 712100, China)

Abstract

Landscape patterns are a result of the combined action of natural and social factors. Quantifying the relationships between landscape pattern changes, soil erosion, and sediment yield in river basins can provide regulators with a foundation for decision-making. Many studies have investigated how land-use changes and the resulting landscape patterns affect soil erosion in river basins. However, studies examining the effects of terrain, rainfall, soil erodibility, and vegetation cover factors on soil erosion and sediment yield from a landscape pattern perspective remain limited. In this paper, the upper Ganjiang Basin was used as the study area, and the amount of soil erosion and the amount of sediment yield in this basin were first simulated using a hydrological model. The simulated values were then validated. On this basis, new landscape metrics were established through the addition of factors from the revised universal soil loss equation to the land-use pattern. Five combinations of landscape metrics were chosen, and the interactions between the landscape metrics in each combination and their effects on soil erosion and sediment yield in the river basin were examined. The results showed that there were highly similar correlations between the area metrics, between the fragmentation metrics, between the spatial structure metrics, and between the evenness metrics across all the combinations, while the correlations between the shape metrics in Combination 1 (only land use in each year) differed notably from those in the other combinations. The new landscape indicator established based on Combination 4, which integrated the land-use pattern and the terrain, soil erodibility, and rainfall erosivity factors, were the most significantly correlated with the soil erosion and sediment yield of the river basin. Finally, partial least-squares regression models for the soil erosion and sediment yield of the river basin were established based on the five landscape metrics with the highest variable importance in projection scores selected from Combination 4. The results of this study provide a simple approach for quantitatively assessing soil erosion in other river basins for which detailed observation data are lacking.

Suggested Citation

  • Yongfen Zhang & Nong Wang & Chongjun Tang & Shiqiang Zhang & Yuejun Song & Kaitao Liao & Xiaofei Nie, 2021. "A New Indicator to Better Represent the Impact of Landscape Pattern Change on Basin Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in the Upper Reach of Ganjiang, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:9:p:990-:d:639125
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gassman, Philip W. & Reyes, Manuel R. & Green, Colleen H. & Arnold, Jeffrey G., 2007. "The Soil and Water Assessment Tool: Historical Development, Applications, and Future Research Directions," ISU General Staff Papers 200701010800001027, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    2. Boongaling, Cheamson Garret K. & Faustino-Eslava, Decibel V. & Lansigan, Felino P., 2018. "Modeling land use change impacts on hydrology and the use of landscape metrics as tools for watershed management: The case of an ungauged catchment in the Philippines," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 116-128.
    3. Yao, Xiaolei & Yu, Jingshan & Jiang, Hong & Sun, Wenchao & Li, Zhanjie, 2016. "Roles of soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity and land use in affecting soil erosion at the basin scale," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 82-92.
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