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Impact of Airborne Exposure to PM 10 Increases Susceptibility to P. aeruginosa Infection

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  • Sharon A. McClellan

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA)

  • Robert Wright

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA)

  • Farooq Muhammed

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA)

  • Linda D. Hazlett

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA)

Abstract

The effects of exposure to airborne particulate matter with a size of 10 μm or less (PM 10 ) on C57BL/6 mouse corneas, their response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection, and the protective effects of SKQ1 were determined. C57BL/6 mouse corneas receiving PBS or SKQ1 were exposed to control (air) or PM 10 for 2 weeks, infected, and the disease was documented by clinical score, PMN quantitation, bacterial plate count, RT-PCR and Western blot. PBS-treated, PM 10 -exposed corneas did not differ at 1 day postinfection (dpi), but exhibited earlier (3 dpi) corneal thinning compared to controls. By 3 dpi, PM 10 significantly increased corneal mRNA levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, but decreased IL-10, NQO1, GR1, GPX4, and Nrf2 over control. SKQ1 reversed these effects and Western blot selectively confirmed the RT-PCR results. PM 10 resulted in higher viable bacterial plate counts at 1 and 3 dpi, but SKQ1 reduced them at 3 dpi. PM 10 significantly increased MPO in the cornea at 3 dpi and was reduced by SKQ1. SKQ1, used as an adjunctive treatment to moxifloxacin, was not significantly different from moxifloxacin alone. Exposure to PM 10 increased the susceptibility of C57BL/6 to PA infection; SKQ1 significantly reversed these effects, but was not effective as an adjunctive treatment.

Suggested Citation

  • Sharon A. McClellan & Robert Wright & Farooq Muhammed & Linda D. Hazlett, 2024. "Impact of Airborne Exposure to PM 10 Increases Susceptibility to P. aeruginosa Infection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(6), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:6:p:722-:d:1406821
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Athanasios Valavanidis & Thomais Vlachogianni & Konstantinos Fiotakis & Spyridon Loridas, 2013. "Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Cancer: Respirable Particulate Matter, Fibrous Dusts and Ozone as Major Causes of Lung Carcinogenesis through Reactive Oxygen Species Mechanisms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-22, August.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    mice; PM 10 ; cytokines; SKQ1; moxifloxacin;
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