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The Geographical Conditioning of Regional Differentiation Characterising the COVID-19 Pandemic in European Countries

Author

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  • Marcin Mazur

    (Department of Rural Geography and Local Development, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda Str. 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Jerzy Bański

    (Department of Rural Geography and Local Development, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda Str. 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Wioletta Kamińska

    (Department of Socio-Economic Geography, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Uniwersytecka Str. 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to assess the influence of selected geographical factors on the diversity of the development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe’s regions, and on its dynamics across the continent. The work took into account 250 of NUTS-2 regions. The datasets included the course of the COVID-19 pandemic (two dependent variables), intervening actions (four variables of the research background), and potential environmental and socio-economic conditioning (twelve independent variables). The dependent variables’ set was composed of two indexes: morbidity and temporal inertia. The temporal scope of the research was 23 March 2020–15 May 2022, with weekly resolution. By means of multiple linear regression model, the influence of the administrative actions and of the selected natural and socio-economic factors was assessed. Finally, a synthetic Regional Epidemic Vulnerability Index (REVI) for each individual region was calculated. It allowed us to classify the regions into three categories: resistant, neutral, or sensitive. REVI’s spatial distribution indicates that the zone of above-average vulnerability occurred in the western part of Europe and around the Alps. Therefore, focus ought to extend beyond regional statistics, towards spatial relationships, like contiguous or transit position. This research also validated the strong impact of national borders.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Mazur & Jerzy Bański & Wioletta Kamińska, 2024. "The Geographical Conditioning of Regional Differentiation Characterising the COVID-19 Pandemic in European Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(10), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:10:p:1342-:d:1495887
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Luis Orea & Inmaculada C. Álvarez, 2022. "How effective has the Spanish lockdown been to battle COVID‐19? A spatial analysis of the coronavirus propagation across provinces," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 154-173, January.
    2. Zhangcai Yin & Wei Huang & Shen Ying & Panli Tang & Ziqiang Kang & Kuan Huang, 2021. "Measuring of the COVID-19 Based on Time-Geography," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Uxue Alfonso Viguria & Núria Casamitjana, 2021. "Early Interventions and Impact of COVID-19 in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-15, April.
    4. Meinen, Philipp & Serafini, Roberta & Papagalli, Ottavia, 2021. "Regional economic impact of Covid-19: the role of sectoral structure and trade linkages," Working Paper Series 2528, European Central Bank.
    5. Jerzy Bański & Marcin Mazur & Wioletta Kamińska, 2021. "Socioeconomic Conditioning of the Development of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Global Spatial Differentiation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-15, April.
    6. Zhixiang Xie & Rongqin Zhao & Minglei Ding & Zhiqiang Zhang, 2021. "A Review of Influencing Factors on Spatial Spread of COVID-19 Based on Geographical Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-15, November.
    7. Ghosh, Mousam & Ghosh, Swarnankur & Ghosh, Suman & Panda, Goutam Kumar & Saha, Pradip Kumar, 2021. "Dynamic model of infected population due to spreading of pandemic COVID-19 considering both intra and inter zone mobilization factors with rate of detection," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
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