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Mechanisms of Transmission and Processing of Pain: A Narrative Review

Author

Listed:
  • Girolamo Di Maio

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Ines Villano

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Ciro Rosario Ilardi

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
    Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Antonietta Messina

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Monda

    (Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy)

  • Ashlei Clara Iodice

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Chiara Porro

    (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Maria Antonietta Panaro

    (Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy)

  • Sergio Chieffi

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Giovanni Messina

    (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Marcellino Monda

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Marco La Marra

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

Knowledge about the mechanisms of transmission and the processing of nociceptive information, both in healthy and pathological states, has greatly expanded in recent years. This rapid progress is due to a multidisciplinary approach involving the simultaneous use of different branches of study, such as systems neurobiology, behavioral analysis, genetics, and cell and molecular techniques. This narrative review aims to clarify the mechanisms of transmission and the processing of pain while also taking into account the characteristics and properties of nociceptors and how the immune system influences pain perception. Moreover, several important aspects of this crucial theme of human life will be discussed. Nociceptor neurons and the immune system play a key role in pain and inflammation. The interactions between the immune system and nociceptors occur within peripheral sites of injury and the central nervous system. The modulation of nociceptor activity or chemical mediators may provide promising novel approaches to the treatment of pain and chronic inflammatory disease. The sensory nervous system is fundamental in the modulation of the host’s protective response, and understanding its interactions is pivotal in the process of revealing new strategies for the treatment of pain.

Suggested Citation

  • Girolamo Di Maio & Ines Villano & Ciro Rosario Ilardi & Antonietta Messina & Vincenzo Monda & Ashlei Clara Iodice & Chiara Porro & Maria Antonietta Panaro & Sergio Chieffi & Giovanni Messina & Marcell, 2023. "Mechanisms of Transmission and Processing of Pain: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-19, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3064-:d:1063361
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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