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Omega-3 Index and Clinical Outcomes of Severe COVID-19: Preliminary Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

Author

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  • Rodrigo Zapata B.

    (Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Santiago de Chile and Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • José Miguel Müller

    (Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Santiago de Chile and Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Juan Enrique Vásquez

    (Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Santiago de Chile and Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Franco Ravera

    (Faculty of Medical Science, Universidad de Santiago de Chile and Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Gustavo Lago

    (Hospital Clínico Fusat, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Eduardo Cañón

    (Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Daniella Castañeda

    (Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Madelaine Pradenas

    (Hospital Regional Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile)

  • Muriel Ramírez-Santana

    (Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile)

Abstract

The potentially detrimental effects of the worldwide deficiency of Omega-3 fatty acids on the COVID-19 pandemic have been underestimated. The Omega-3 Index (O3I), clinical variables, biometric indices, and nutritional information were directly determined for 74 patients with severe COVID-19 and 10 healthy quality-control subjects. The relationships between the OI3 and mechanical ventilation (MV) and death were analyzed. Results: Patients with COVID-19 exhibited low O3I (mean: 4.15%; range: 3.06–6.14%)—consistent with insufficient fish and Omega-3 supplement consumption, and markedly lower than the healthy control subjects (mean: 7.84%; range: 4.65–10.71%). Inverse associations were observed between O3I and MV (OR = 0.459; C.I.: 0.211–0.997) and death (OR = 0.28; C.I.: 0.08–0.985) in severe COVID-19, even after adjusting for sex, age, and well-known risk factors. Conclusion: We present preliminary evidence to support the hypothesis that the risk of severe COVID-19 can be stratified by the O3I quartile. Further investigations are needed to assess the value of the O3I as a blood marker for COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodrigo Zapata B. & José Miguel Müller & Juan Enrique Vásquez & Franco Ravera & Gustavo Lago & Eduardo Cañón & Daniella Castañeda & Madelaine Pradenas & Muriel Ramírez-Santana, 2021. "Omega-3 Index and Clinical Outcomes of Severe COVID-19: Preliminary Results of a Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-8, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:7722-:d:598157
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charles N. Serhan, 2014. "Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology," Nature, Nature, vol. 510(7503), pages 92-101, June.
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    1. Muriel Ramírez-Santana & Rodrigo Zapata Barra & Marcela Ñunque González & José Miguel Müller & Juan Enrique Vásquez & Franco Ravera & Gustavo Lago & Eduardo Cañón & Daniella Castañeda & Madelaine Prad, 2022. "Inverse Association between Omega-3 Index and Severity of COVID-19: A Case–Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-11, May.

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