IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i8p4776-d794172.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Seeking Causality in the Links between Time Perspectives and Gratitude, Savoring the Moment and Prioritizing Positivity: Initial Empirical Test of Three Conceptual Models

Author

Listed:
  • Bozena Burzynska-Tatjewska

    (Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Gerald Matthews

    (Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA)

  • Maciej Stolarski

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

We provide an initial empirical test of three conceptual models reflecting possible patterns of causality effects in the relationships between time perspective (TP), gratitude, savoring the moment, and prioritizing positivity (referred to as well-being boosters, WBBs), and mental well-being. The first one, trait-behavior model, states trait TPs increase the tendency to use specific WBBs in order to increase mental well-being. The second model, the accumulation model, proposes that a regular practice of particular WBBs fosters adaptive TPs which in turn impact well-being. The third model, the feedback loop, suggests that WBBs and positive TPs reciprocally strengthen one another and together contribute to higher mental well-being. Participants (N = 206; M age = 30.90, SD = 8.39, 74% females) filled questionnaires measuring TPs, WBBs, and well-being twice, in a one-year interval. Using cross-lagged panel analyses we examined the direction of causation in the relationships among the variables. Past-Positive had a significant cross-lagged effect on gratitude, Present-Fatalistic had a significant effect on savoring. Both Past-Negative and Present-Fatalistic perspectives displayed significant causal effects on well-being. The results partly support the trait-behavior model. However, given that the second wave was conducted shortly after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, further studies are required to better understand the interplay between the studied traits.

Suggested Citation

  • Bozena Burzynska-Tatjewska & Gerald Matthews & Maciej Stolarski, 2022. "Seeking Causality in the Links between Time Perspectives and Gratitude, Savoring the Moment and Prioritizing Positivity: Initial Empirical Test of Three Conceptual Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-20, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4776-:d:794172
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/8/4776/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/8/4776/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maciej Stolarski & Gerald Matthews & Sławomir Postek & Philip Zimbardo & Joanna Bitner, 2014. "How We Feel is a Matter of Time: Relationships Between Time Perspectives and Mood," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 809-827, August.
    2. Koert Van Ittersum, 2012. "The effect of decision makers’ time perspective on intention–behavior consistency," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 263-277, March.
    3. Aneta Przepiorka & Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapinska, 2021. "People with Positive Time Perspective are More Grateful and Happier: Gratitude Mediates the Relationship Between Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 113-126, January.
    4. Briana L. Robustelli & Mark A. Whisman, 2018. "Gratitude and Life Satisfaction in the United States and Japan," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 41-55, January.
    5. Jia Zhang & Ryan Howell & Maciej Stolarski, 2013. "Comparing Three Methods to Measure a Balanced Time Perspective: The Relationship Between a Balanced Time Perspective and Subjective Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 169-184, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bozena Burzynska-Tatjewska & Maciej Stolarski, 2022. "Leaving Past Adversities Behind: Gratitude Intervention Compensates for the Undesirable Effects of Past Time Perspectives on Negative Affect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-12, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ulrich Wiesmann & Ilka Ballas & Hans-Joachim Hannich, 2018. "Sense of Coherence, Time Perspective and Positive Aging," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 817-839, March.
    2. Julia Wyszomirska & Monika Bąk-Sosnowska, 2023. "Time Goes Back—Time Perspective in Polish Men with Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder and Risky Sexual Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-21, March.
    3. Hod Orkibi & Efrat Dafner, 2016. "Exposure to Risk Factors and the Subjective Wellbeing of Adolescents: the Mediating Role of Time Perspective," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 9(3), pages 663-682, September.
    4. Olivia D. Chang & Nicolás Sánchez-Álvarez & Lourdes Rey & Natalio Extremera & Misu Kwon & Mingqi Li, 2022. "Gratitude, Emotional Intelligence, and Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults: Evidence for a Broaden-and-Build Model or an Amplification Model?," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 2597-2611, August.
    5. Hod Orkibi & Tammie Ronen, 2019. "A Dual-Pathway Model Linking Self-Control Skills to Aggression in Adolescents: Happiness and Time Perspective as Mediators," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 729-742, March.
    6. Agnieszka Lasota & Justyna Mróz, 2021. "Positive Psychology in Times of Pandemic—Time Perspective as a Moderator of the Relationship between Resilience and Meaning in Life," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    7. María Teresa Chamizo-Nieto & Lourdes Rey & John Pellitteri, 2020. "Gratitude and Emotional Intelligence as Protective Factors against Cyber-Aggression: Analysis of a Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-10, June.
    8. Itumeleng P. Khumalo & Angelina Wilson-Fadiji & Symen A. Brouwers, 2020. "Well-Being Orientations and Time Perspective Across Cultural Tightness–Looseness Latent Classes in Africa," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(5), pages 1681-1703, June.
    9. Carmen Sánchez-Guardiola Paredes & Eva María Aguaded Ramírez & Clemente Rodríguez-Sabiote, 2021. "Content Validation of a Semi-Structured Interview to Analyze the Management of Suffering," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-24, October.
    10. Tao Chen & Lu-lu Liu & Ji-fang Cui & Xiao-jing Qin & Hai-song Shi & Muireann Irish & Ya Wang, 2021. "Balanced Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of “Temporal Negative Affect”," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(6), pages 2563-2574, August.
    11. Julia Wyszomirska & Monika Bąk-Sosnowska & Adriana Modrzejewska, 2022. "“All Hands on Deck”: Psychological Characteristics of Women with Experience of Oncological Disease Participating in Sailing Cruise—A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-15, October.
    12. Maria C. Gugliandolo & Sebastiano Costa & Mariagrazia Lo Cricchio & Francesca Liga, 2021. "Exploring the Role of Time Perspective in Emerging Adult Couples: A Mediation Model," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(7), pages 3221-3239, October.
    13. Aneta Przepiorka & Nicolson Yat-fan Siu & Małgorzata Szcześniak & Celina Timoszyk-Tomczak & Jacqueline Jiaying Le & Mónica Pino Muñoz, 2020. "The Relation Between Personality, Time Perspective and Positive Orientation in Chile, Hong Kong, and Poland," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 1081-1101, March.
    14. Zhang, Huiping & Wang, Yilin, 2019. "Bullying victimization and depression among young Chinese adults with physical disability: Roles of gratitude and self-compassion," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 51-56.
    15. Maciej Stolarski & Gerald Matthews & Sławomir Postek & Philip Zimbardo & Joanna Bitner, 2014. "How We Feel is a Matter of Time: Relationships Between Time Perspectives and Mood," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 809-827, August.
    16. Bozena Burzynska-Tatjewska & Maciej Stolarski, 2022. "Leaving Past Adversities Behind: Gratitude Intervention Compensates for the Undesirable Effects of Past Time Perspectives on Negative Affect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-12, October.
    17. Trinh, Giang & Khan, Huda & Lockshin, Larry, 2020. "Purchasing behaviour of ethnicities: Are they different?," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(4).
    18. Rönnlund, Michael & Carelli, Maria Grazia, 2018. "Deviations from a balanced time perspective in late adulthood: Associations with current g and g in youth," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 8-16.
    19. John L. Perry & Elizabeth C. Temple & Frank C. Worrell & Urška Zivkovic & Zena R. Mello & Bojan Musil & Jon C. Cole & Michael T. McKay, 2020. "Different Version, Similar Result? A Critical Analysis of the Multiplicity of Shortened Versions of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(2), pages 21582440209, May.
    20. Lee, Choong-Ki & Mjelde, James W. & Kim, Tae-Kyun & Lee, Hye-Mi, 2014. "Estimating the intention–behavior gap associated with a mega event: The case of the Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 168-177.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4776-:d:794172. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.