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Beyond Parenting Socialization Years: The Relationship between Parenting Dimensions and Grandparenting Functioning

Author

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  • Sofia Gimenez-Serrano

    (Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Marta Alcaide

    (Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Maria Reyes

    (Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Juan J. Zacarés

    (Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Montserrat Celdrán

    (Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

Parental socialization has been studied mainly when is in process, but less is known about its long-term impact on older adults, particularly on one of the most important developmental tasks in later life: being a grandparent. Participants were 313 Spanish grandparents. The present study examined the relationship between parenting and its impacts in the long term, when the child is a grandparent. The variables examined were parenting (parental warmth and parental strictness) and grandparenting functioning (satisfaction with life, meaning of life, parent–adult child relationship quality, emotional closeness with grandchildren, and role overload). The statistical analyses were a correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analyses. A constant pattern between parenting and grandparenting functioning has been found. Warmth was positively associated with grandparenting functioning, as opposed to strictness, which did not show benefits for grandparents and even showed a significant negative relationship with an indicator of grandparenting functioning. Present findings highlight that, during the socialization years, greater parental warmth but not parental strictness might be of benefit for children at the end of their life (i.e., when they are grandparents) but also for their descendants because they have a better relationship with the two following generations (i.e., adult children and grandchildren).

Suggested Citation

  • Sofia Gimenez-Serrano & Marta Alcaide & Maria Reyes & Juan J. Zacarés & Montserrat Celdrán, 2022. "Beyond Parenting Socialization Years: The Relationship between Parenting Dimensions and Grandparenting Functioning," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4528-:d:790107
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fernando Garcia & Emilia Serra & Oscar F. Garcia & Isabel Martinez & Edie Cruise, 2019. "A Third Emerging Stage for the Current Digital Society? Optimal Parenting Styles in Spain, the United States, Germany, and Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Minkler, M. & Fuller-Thomson, E., 1999. "The health of grandparents raising grandchildren: Results of a national study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 89(9), pages 1384-1389.
    3. Daniel Musitu-Ferrer & Celeste León-Moreno & Juan Evaristo Callejas-Jerónimo & Macarena Esteban-Ibáñez & Gonzalo Musitu-Ochoa, 2019. "Relationships between Parental Socialization Styles, Empathy and Connectedness with Nature: Their Implications in Environmentalism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-20, July.
    4. Oscar F. Garcia & Emilia Serra, 2019. "Raising Children with Poor School Performance: Parenting Styles and Short- and Long-Term Consequences for Adolescent and Adult Development," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-24, March.
    5. Pablo Queiroz & Oscar F. Garcia & Fernando Garcia & Juan J. Zacares & Cleonice Camino, 2020. "Self and Nature: Parental Socialization, Self-Esteem, and Environmental Values in Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-14, May.
    6. Octav-Sorin Candel, 2022. "The Link between Parenting Behaviors and Emerging Adults’ Relationship Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Relational Entitlement," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-12, January.
    7. Oscar F. Garcia & Maria C. Fuentes & Enrique Gracia & Emilia Serra & Fernando Garcia, 2020. "Parenting Warmth and Strictness across Three Generations: Parenting Styles and Psychosocial Adjustment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-18, October.
    8. Meng Huo & Kyungmin Kim & Steven H Zarit & Karen L Fingerman, 2018. "Support Grandparents Give to Their Adult Grandchildren," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 73(6), pages 1006-1015.
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