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Headache in the Workplace: Analysis of Factors Influencing Headaches in Terms of Productivity and Health

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  • Nicola Magnavita

    (Postgraduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Roma, Italy
    Department of Science of Woman, Child and Public Health, A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy)

Abstract

Headache is a very common condition that can have a significant impact on work. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of headaches and their impact on a sample of 1076 workers from 18 small companies operating in different sectors. The workers who volunteered to participate were asked to fill in the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) and answer questions designed to assess stressful and traumatic factors potentially associated with headaches. The volunteers subsequently underwent a medical examination and tests for diagnosing metabolic syndrome. Out of the 1044 workers who completed the questionnaire (participation rate = 97%), 509 (48.8%) reported suffering from headaches. In a multivariate logistic regression model, female gender, recent bereavement, intrusive leadership, and sleep problems were significantly associated with headaches. In univariate logistic regression models, headache intensity was associated with an increased risk of anxiety (OR 1.10; CI95% 1.09; 1.12) and depression (OR 1.09; CI95% 1.08; 1.11). Headache impact was also associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (OR 1.02; CI95% 1.00, 1.04), obesity (OR 1.02, CI95% 1.01; 1.03), and reduced HDL cholesterol (OR 1.03; CI95% 1.01; 1.04). The impact of headache calls for intervention in the workplace not only to promote a prompt diagnosis of the different forms of headaches but also to improve work organization, leadership style, and the quality of sleep.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicola Magnavita, 2022. "Headache in the Workplace: Analysis of Factors Influencing Headaches in Terms of Productivity and Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3712-:d:775684
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicola Magnavita, 2018. "Obstacles and Future Prospects: Considerations on Health Promotion Activities for Older Workers in Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-14, May.
    2. Nicola Magnavita & Paolo Maurizio Soave & Massimo Antonelli, 2021. "Prolonged Stress Causes Depression in Frontline Workers Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study in a COVID-19 Hub-Hospital in Central Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Nicola Magnavita & Paolo Maurizio Soave & Walter Ricciardi & Massimo Antonelli, 2020. "Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Anesthetists during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, November.
    4. Nicola Magnavita & Paolo Maurizio Soave & Massimo Antonelli, 2021. "A One-Year Prospective Study of Work-Related Mental Health in the Intensivists of a COVID-19 Hub Hospital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    5. Angelika Edyta Charkiewicz & Jeffrey R. Backstrand, 2020. "Lead Toxicity and Pollution in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-16, June.
    6. Dong-Wook Lee & Jongin Lee & Hyoung-Ryoul Kim & Mo-Yeol Kang, 2021. "Health-Related Productivity Loss According to Health Conditions among Workers in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-11, July.
    7. Nicola Magnavita & Giovanni Tripepi & Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio, 2020. "Symptoms in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic. A Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
    8. Dorothy Day Huntsman & Grzegorz Bulaj, 2022. "Healthy Dwelling: Design of Biophilic Interior Environments Fostering Self-Care Practices for People Living with Migraines, Chronic Pain, and Depression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-16, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nicola Magnavita & Luca Mele & Igor Meraglia & Marco Merella & Maria Eugenia Vacca & Anna Cerrina & Maddalena Gabriele & Marcella Labella & Maria Teresa Soro & Simona Ursino & Carmela Matera, 2022. "The Impact of Workplace Violence on Headache and Sleep Problems in Nurses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Nicola Magnavita, 2023. "Workplace Health Promotion Embedded in Medical Surveillance: The Italian Way to Total Worker Health Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-11, February.

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