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Hopelessness in Police Officers and Its Association with Depression and Burnout: A Pilot Study

Author

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  • Cristina Civilotti

    (Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Daniela Acquadro Maran

    (Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Torino, Italy
    WOW-Work and Organizational Wellbeing Research Group, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Sergio Garbarino

    (Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal/Child Sciences (DI-14 NOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Nicola Magnavita

    (Postgraduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
    Department of Woman, Child & Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Hopelessness is a particularly critical condition and a risk factor for suicide. Many studies have reported that this condition is common in some occupations and is associated with high stress that is not properly managed. This study examined the prevalence of hopeless status (HS) in a sample of police officers (POs) and the association of hopelessness with depression, burnout, and suicidality. In total, 127 out of 231 POs participated in the survey; they were assessed with the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Beck Depression Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. A total of 26.5% of POs reported hopelessness, and a significant association was found with depression and burnout; in individual cases, these conditions were associated with suicidal thoughts. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for confounding variables, depression, emotional exhaustion, and reduction of personal accomplishment were significantly associated with HP status. Depression (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 1–9.12) and emotional exhaustion (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.06–3.32) significantly increased the risk of hopelessness, while personal accomplishment (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.32–1) was a protective factor. Hopelessness appears to be a very important factor to consider when assessing POs’ mental health.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristina Civilotti & Daniela Acquadro Maran & Sergio Garbarino & Nicola Magnavita, 2022. "Hopelessness in Police Officers and Its Association with Depression and Burnout: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5169-:d:801001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicola Magnavita & Paolo Maurizio Soave & Massimo Antonelli, 2021. "A One-Year Prospective Study of Work-Related Mental Health in the Intensivists of a COVID-19 Hub Hospital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Nicola Magnavita & Giovanni Tripepi & Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio, 2020. "Symptoms in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic. A Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
    3. Shane, Jon M., 2010. "Organizational stressors and police performance," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 807-818, July.
    4. Nicola Magnavita & Paolo Maurizio Soave & Walter Ricciardi & Massimo Antonelli, 2020. "Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Anesthetists during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, November.
    5. Cristina Civilotti & Giulia Di Fini & Daniela Acquadro Maran, 2021. "Trauma and Coping Strategies in Police Officers: A Quantitative-Qualitative Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-13, January.
    6. Eloísa Guerrero-Barona & Mónica Guerrero-Molina & Maria José Chambel & Juan Manuel Moreno-Manso & Natalia Bueso-Izquierdo & Carlos Barbosa-Torres, 2021. "Suicidal Ideation and Mental Health: The Moderating Effect of Coping Strategies in the Police Force," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, August.
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