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Effects of Multi-Component Exercise on Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Jing-Yi Ai

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan)

  • Garry Kuan

    (Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • Linda Ya-Ting Juang

    (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability Executive Master of Business Administration, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan)

  • Ching-Hsiu Lee

    (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability Executive Master of Business Administration, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan)

  • Yee-Cheng Kueh

    (Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia)

  • I-Hua Chu

    (Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Xiao-Ling Geng

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan
    Department of Wushu, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Yu-Kai Chang

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan
    Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan)

Abstract

Sleep is a crucial factor in healthy aging. However, most middle-aged adults experience high levels of sleep disorders. While previous findings have suggested exercise training could benefit the quality of sleep, the effects of multi-component exercise on sleep quality are less examined. Accordingly, the current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component exercise program on the quality of sleep among middle-aged adults. Twenty-four middle-aged adults were randomly assigned either to a multi-component exercise (MCE) group or a control group. The participants in the MCE group attended a 90-min session per week for 12 weeks. The control group was instructed to maintain their daily routine for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the sleep quality evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The secondary outcome was physical fitness, including muscular strength and endurance, balance, and flexibility. Regarding sleep quality, the global mean score ( p = 028), sleep disturbances ( p = 011), and sleep efficiency ( p = 035) of the PSQI scores were significantly reduced in the MCE group after the 12-week intervention. Regarding physical fitness, the flexibility of the MCE group improved significantly after the intervention ( p = 028), yet, no significant change was observed in the control group. Additionally, the muscular strength of the control group declined significantly after the 12-week period ( p = 034). Our results revealed the effectiveness of the MCE intervention in improving sleep quality and physical fitness in middle-aged adults. Further studies using larger sample sizes, objective measures of sleep quality, different types of exercise training, as well as different populations, are warranted to extend our current findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing-Yi Ai & Garry Kuan & Linda Ya-Ting Juang & Ching-Hsiu Lee & Yee-Cheng Kueh & I-Hua Chu & Xiao-Ling Geng & Yu-Kai Chang, 2022. "Effects of Multi-Component Exercise on Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15472-:d:980713
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael Osei Mireku & Alina Rodriguez, 2021. "Sleep Duration and Waking Activities in Relation to the National Sleep Foundation’s Recommendations: An Analysis of US Population Sleep Patterns from 2015 to 2017," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Miki Sato & Feni Betriana & Ryuichi Tanioka & Kyoko Osaka & Tetsuya Tanioka & Savina Schoenhofer, 2021. "Balance of Autonomic Nervous Activity, Exercise, and Sleep Status in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Chen, Jen-Hao & Lauderdale, Diane S. & Waite, Linda J., 2016. "Social participation and older adults' sleep," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 164-173.
    4. Ji Yu Im & Hyun Seok Bang & Dae Yun Seo, 2019. "The Effects of 12 Weeks of a Combined Exercise Program on Physical Function and Hormonal Status in Elderly Korean Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-11, October.
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