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A Chronic Disease in Adolescence and Selection to an Educational Path—A Longitudinal Study

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  • Leena Koivusilta

    (Department of Social Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
    Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland)

  • Riittakerttu Kaltiala

    (Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
    Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland)

  • Anna Myöhänen

    (Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland)

  • Risto Hotulainen

    (Centre for Educational Assessment, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Arja Rimpelä

    (Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
    Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland)

Abstract

Chronic disease may affect adolescents’ educational success. We study whether adolescents with a somatic chronic condition have lower school performance, lower odds for academic education, and a delayed start of upper-secondary studies. Seventh graders and ninth graders in the Helsinki Metropolitan Region, Finland, were invited to participate in a school survey in 2011 and 2014, respectively. The respondents (2011, N = 8960; 2014, N = 7394) were followed using a national application registry until 2017. The chronic conditions were asthma, diabetes, and epilepsy. Outcomes were grade point average (GPA), study place in an academic school, and delayed start of secondary education. Adolescents with a chronic disease needing medication had lower GPAs in both grades. Chronic disease with medication in the seventh grade predicted higher odds for the non-academic track (OR = 1.3) and the delayed start (OR = 1.4). In the ninth grade, chronic disease predicted non-academic studies univariately (OR = 1.2) and was not associated with the delayed start. The somatic chronic condition with medication, particularly epilepsy, slightly lowers students’ school performance, which is a mediator between the chronic condition and selection into educational paths. Compared to gender and parents’ education, and particularly to GPA, the role of chronic conditions on educational outcomes is small.

Suggested Citation

  • Leena Koivusilta & Riittakerttu Kaltiala & Anna Myöhänen & Risto Hotulainen & Arja Rimpelä, 2022. "A Chronic Disease in Adolescence and Selection to an Educational Path—A Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14407-:d:962320
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. West, Patrick, 1991. "Rethinking the health selection explanation for health inequalities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 373-384, January.
    2. Cohen, A.K. & Syme, S.L., 2013. "Education: A missed opportunity for public health intervention," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(6), pages 997-1001.
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