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Indigenous Border Migrants and (Im)Mobility Policies in Chile in Times of COVID-19

Author

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  • Carlos Piñones-Rivera

    (Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

  • Nanette Liberona

    (Departamento de Antropología, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

  • Rodrigo Arancibia

    (Cooperativa Apacheta, Iquique 1100000, Chile)

  • Verónica Jiménez

    (Programa de Doctorado en Psicología, Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

Abstract

The commodification of healthcare and the structural violence towards the migrant population in the Chilean system materialize in a series of structural barriers to accessing healthcare. In the face of this structural vulnerability, cross-border health mobility is one of the primary resources of indigenous border migrants living in the Tarapacá region (Chile). This involves crossing the border of both people (specialists/patients) and objects (such as ritual supplies or biomedicines), which play a crucial role as, in many cases, it is the only way to satisfy their healthcare needs. The security-orientated geopolitics of border closure (Plan Frontera Segura) has been reinforced by immobility policies linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. While doing so leaves people without the fundamental resource of healthcare mobility or obliges them to cross the border via unauthorized crossings, exposing them to criminalization and abuse by different agents of violence (the military, people smugglers, etc.). In this paper, we will offer a description of these processes of (im)mobility, analyzing their conformation both by the current policies of the Chilean State and by the notorious deficiency in indigenous and migrant rights, denouncing the material impact they have on the health/illness/care process of indigenous migrants.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Piñones-Rivera & Nanette Liberona & Rodrigo Arancibia & Verónica Jiménez, 2022. "Indigenous Border Migrants and (Im)Mobility Policies in Chile in Times of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9728-:d:882458
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Morey, B.N., 2018. "Mechanisms by which anti-immigrant stigma exacerbates racial/ethnic health disparities," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 108(4), pages 460-463.
    2. Villalobos Dintrans, Pablo, 2018. "Out-of-pocket health expenditure differences in Chile: Insurance performance or selection?," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(2), pages 184-191.
    3. Jef Huysmans, 2000. "The European Union and the Securitization of Migration," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(5), pages 751-777, December.
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