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Parents’ Response to Children’s Performance and Children’s Self-Esteem: Parent–Child Relationship and Friendship Quality as Mediators

Author

Listed:
  • Weina Li

    (Department of Management, Hunan Police Academy, Changsha 410138, China
    Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan 430079, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Fenge Tan

    (Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan 430079, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Zongkui Zhou

    (Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Yukang Xue

    (Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA)

  • Chuanhua Gu

    (Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Xizheng Xu

    (Department of Management, Hunan Police Academy, Changsha 410138, China
    Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Central China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China)

Abstract

Previous research has revealed that parents’ success-oriented response to children’s performance promotes children’s self-esteem, while failure-oriented response damages their self-esteem. However, the potential mediating mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated whether parent–child relationship and friendship quality mediated the relation between parents’ response to children’s performance and children’s self-esteem. For this purpose, 859 children in Central China completed the Parents’ Response to Children’s Performance Scale, Buchanan Scale of Closeness to Parents (CPS), Friendship Quality Questionnaire (simplified version), and Self-Perception Profile tests. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that: (1) parents’ success-oriented response was positively associated with parent–child relationship, friendship quality, and children’s self-esteem. Parents’ failure-oriented response was negatively associated with parent–child relationship and children’s self-esteem, but it was positively associated with friendship quality. (2) Parent–child relationship and friendship quality were identified as the serial mediators between parents’ success- or failure-oriented response and children’s self-esteem. These findings suggest that parents’ failure-oriented response should be reduced and parents’ success-oriented response should be increased to develop children’s self-esteem and establish a sound social network system for children.

Suggested Citation

  • Weina Li & Fenge Tan & Zongkui Zhou & Yukang Xue & Chuanhua Gu & Xizheng Xu, 2022. "Parents’ Response to Children’s Performance and Children’s Self-Esteem: Parent–Child Relationship and Friendship Quality as Mediators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:6012-:d:816069
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ngai, Steven Sek-yum & Cheung, Chau-kiu & To, Siu-ming & Liu, Ying & Song, Han-yu, 2013. "Parent–child relationships, friendship networks, and developmental outcomes of economically disadvantaged youth in Hong Kong," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 91-101.
    2. Yingqian Wang & Skyler T. Hawk & Yulong Tang & Katja Schlegel & Hong Zou, 2019. "Characteristics of Emotion Recognition Ability among Primary School Children: Relationships with Peer Status and Friendship Quality," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(4), pages 1369-1388, August.
    3. Huang, Jiahui & Zhang, Dan & Chen, Yanhan & Yu, Chengfu & Zhen, Shuangju & Zhang, Wei, 2022. "Parental psychological control, psychological need satisfaction, and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents: The moderating effect of sensation seeking," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    4. Sea-Jin Chang & Arjen van Witteloostuijn & Lorraine Eden, 2010. "From the Editors: Common method variance in international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(2), pages 178-184, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Paulina Anikiej-Wiczenbach & Maria Kaźmierczak, 2022. "The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Parenting of Infants: A Couples Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Weina Li & Youzhi Song & Zongkui Zhou & Chuanhua Gu & Baiheng Wang, 2024. "Parents’ Responses and Children’s Subjective Well-Being: The Role of Parent–Child Relationship and Friendship Quality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-13, February.

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