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Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of Admission Due to Asthma in the Three Largest Urban Agglomerations in Poland: A Time-Stratified, Case-Crossover Study

Author

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  • Piotr Dąbrowiecki

    (Department of Allergology and Infectious Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
    Polish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Andrzej Chciałowski

    (Department of Allergology and Infectious Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Agata Dąbrowiecka

    (Maria Skłodowska-Curie Medical School, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Artur Badyda

    (Polish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, Poland
    Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

Ambient air pollution in urban areas may trigger asthma exacerbations. We carried out a time-series analysis of the association between the concentrations of various air pollutants and the risk of hospital admission due to asthma over 7 days from exposure. We used distributed lag nonlinear models to analyze data gathered between 2010 and 2018 in the three largest urban agglomerations in Poland. Overall, there were 31,919 asthma hospitalizations. Over 7 days since exposure, the rate ratio (95%CI) for admission per 10 µg/m 3 was 1.013 (1.002–1.024) for PM 10 ; 1.014 (1.000–1.028) for PM 2.5 ; 1.054 (1.031–1.078) for NO 2 ; and 1.044 for SO 2 (95%CI: 0.986–1.104). For all pollutants, the risk of admission was the greatest on the day of exposure (day 0), decreased below baseline on days 1 and 2, and then increased gradually up to day 6. The proportions (95%CI) of hospitalizations attributable to air pollution were 4.52% (0.80%–8.14%) for PM 10 ; 3.74% (0.29%–7.11%) for PM 2.5 ; 16.4% (10.0%–21.8%) for NO 2 ; and 2.50% (−0.75%–5.36%) for SO 2 . In conclusion, PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , and SO 2 pollution was associated with an increased risk of hospital admission due to asthma in the three largest urban agglomerations in Poland over nine years.

Suggested Citation

  • Piotr Dąbrowiecki & Andrzej Chciałowski & Agata Dąbrowiecka & Artur Badyda, 2022. "Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of Admission Due to Asthma in the Three Largest Urban Agglomerations in Poland: A Time-Stratified, Case-Crossover Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-10, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:5988-:d:815861
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gasparrini, Antonio, 2011. "Distributed Lag Linear and Non-Linear Models in R: The Package dlnm," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 43(i08).
    2. Małgorzata Kowalska & Michał Skrzypek & Michał Kowalski & Josef Cyrys, 2020. "Effect of NO x and NO 2 Concentration Increase in Ambient Air to Daily Bronchitis and Asthma Exacerbation, Silesian Voivodeship in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-9, January.
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