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The Relationship between Prevention and Panic from COVID-19, Ethical Principles, Life Expectancy, Anxiety, Depression and Stress

Author

Listed:
  • Mahdi Salehi

    (Department of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran)

  • Grzegorz Zimon

    (Department of Finance, Banking, and Accountancy, Faculty of Management, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland)

  • Ali Reza Ghaderi

    (Department of Clinical Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran)

  • Zinab Ahmed Hasan

    (Department of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Imamreza International University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9137913316, Iran)

Abstract

The present study aims to assess the relationship between prevention and panic from COVID-19, ethical principles, life expectancy, anxiety, depression, and stress in auditors and financial managers of small- and medium-sized Iraqi firms. In other words, this paper seeks to answer the question of whether different types of prevention and panic from COVID-19 can enhance the ethical principles, life expectancy, anxiety, depression, and stress, or not. The study method is practical in its objective and descriptive survey procedure. The study’s statistical population includes 185 employed auditors in audit firms, and 215 financial managers of small- and medium-sized Iraqi firms were selected as a sample of the study using the Cochran Sampling Method. In this paper, PLS tests are used to assess the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results indicate no significant relationship between prevention from COVID-19 and ethical principles and life expectancy. However, the association between prevention from COVID-19 and anxiety, depression, and stress, and between panic from COVID-19 and ethical principles, life expectancy, anxiety, depression, and stress is positive and significant. The higher the panic from COVID-19, the more ethical principles, life expectancy, anxiety, depression, and stress. Since no study has been carried out so far on the effect of prevention and panic from COVID-19, ethical principles, life expectancy, depression, and stress in Iraqi firms, the present study results can provide valuable information and contribute to the development of science and knowledge.

Suggested Citation

  • Mahdi Salehi & Grzegorz Zimon & Ali Reza Ghaderi & Zinab Ahmed Hasan, 2022. "The Relationship between Prevention and Panic from COVID-19, Ethical Principles, Life Expectancy, Anxiety, Depression and Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:5841-:d:812993
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Juana Vargas Bernuy & Sam Espinoza Vidaurre & Norma Velásquez Rodriguez & Renza Gambetta Quelopana & Ana Martinez Valdivia & Ernesto Leo Rossi, 2023. "COVID-19 and Its Effects on the Management of the Basic Quality Conditions in Universities of Peru, 2022," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.

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