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Population-Level Data on Child Development at School Entry Reflecting Social Determinants of Health: A Narrative Review of Studies Using the Early Development Instrument

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  • Magdalena Janus

    (Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
    Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada)

  • Caroline Reid-Westoby

    (Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

  • Noam Raiter

    (Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8P 1H6, Canada)

  • Barry Forer

    (Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada)

  • Martin Guhn

    (Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada)

Abstract

Background: The Early Development Instrument (EDI) was developed as a population-level assessment of children’s developmental health at school entry. EDI data collection has created unprecedented opportunities for population-level studies on children’s developmental outcomes. The goal of this narrative review was to synthesize research using the EDI to describe how it contributes to expanding the understanding of the impacts of social determinants on child development and how it applies to special populations. Methods: Select studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals between 2015 and 2020 and incorporating the social determinants of health perspectives were chosen to highlight the capability of the EDI to monitor children’s developmental health and contribute knowledge in the area of early childhood development. Results: A number of studies have examined the association between several social determinants of health and children’s developmental outcomes, including hard-to-reach and low-frequency populations of children. The EDI has also been used to evaluate programs and interventions in different countries. Conclusions: The ability of the EDI to monitor children’s developmental outcomes in various populations has been consistently demonstrated. The EDI, by virtue of its comprehensive breadth and census-like collection, widens the scope of research relating to early childhood development and its social determinants of health.

Suggested Citation

  • Magdalena Janus & Caroline Reid-Westoby & Noam Raiter & Barry Forer & Martin Guhn, 2021. "Population-Level Data on Child Development at School Entry Reflecting Social Determinants of Health: A Narrative Review of Studies Using the Early Development Instrument," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:7:p:3397-:d:523859
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Deming, 2009. "Early Childhood Intervention and Life-Cycle Skill Development: Evidence from Head Start," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 1(3), pages 111-134, July.
    2. Martinez,Sebastian & Naudeau,Sophie & Pereira,Vitor Azevedo, 2017. "Preschool and child development under extreme poverty : evidence from a randomized experiment in rural Mozambique," Policy Research Working Paper Series 8290, The World Bank.
    3. Lloyd, Jennifer E.V. & Hertzman, Clyde, 2009. "From Kindergarten readiness to fourth-grade assessment: Longitudinal analysis with linked population data," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 111-123, January.
    4. Martin Guhn & Hillel Goelman, 2011. "Bioecological Theory, Early Child Development and the Validation of the Population-Level Early Development Instrument," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 103(2), pages 193-217, September.
    5. Magdalena Janus & Sally Brinkman & Eric Duku, 2011. "Validity and Psychometric Properties of the Early Development Instrument in Canada, Australia, United States, and Jamaica," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 103(2), pages 283-297, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Verónica Schiariti, 2021. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Early Child Development: From Measurement to Optimal Functioning and Evidence-Based Policy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-4, May.
    2. Alison Jayne Gerlach & Alysha McFadden, 2022. "Re-Envisioning an Early Years System of Care towards Equity in Canada: A Critical, Rapid Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-23, August.

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