IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i5p2462-d509264.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Depression as a Function of Social Support in Transgender and Cisgender Individuals with Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Author

Listed:
  • Tahira Yousuf

    (Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan)

  • Mahwish Naz

    (Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan)

  • Candace B. Roberson

    (Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA)

  • Suzanna M. Wise

    (Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA)

  • David L. Rowland

    (Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA)

Abstract

This study focused on the relationships among social support, self-esteem, and depression in transgender and cisgender individuals suffering from an incurable or curable sexually transmitted disease. Data were collected from 210 participants with an STI using a semi-structured interview along with culturally adapted standardized instruments. Results indicated no differences between transgender and cisgender groups in depression, although there were large differences in social support and self-esteem. Preliminary regression analysis identified only STI type and duration of STI as significant predictors of depression. However, when moderating roles for both social support and self-esteem were tested, each added to the explained variance and, equally importantly, revealed the effects of both gender status and social support on depression. These findings not only demonstrate how the compound stressors of gender minority status and STI type affect depressive symptoms, but also reveal the critical role that social support can play in mitigating depressive symptoms in those with gender minority status. Findings are interpreted within the context of South/Central Asian cultures that have pre- and post-colonial traditions regarding the social role of non-binary individuals.

Suggested Citation

  • Tahira Yousuf & Mahwish Naz & Candace B. Roberson & Suzanna M. Wise & David L. Rowland, 2021. "Depression as a Function of Social Support in Transgender and Cisgender Individuals with Sexually Transmitted Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2462-:d:509264
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2462/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2462/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hatzenbuehler, M.L. & McLaughlin, K.A. & Keyes, K.M. & Hasin, D.S., 2010. "The impact of institutional discrimination on psychiatric disorders in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: A prospective study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(3), pages 452-459.
    2. Arnold H. Grossman & Anthony R. D'Augelli & Scott L. Hershberger, 2000. "Social Support Networks of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults 60 Years of Age and Older," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 55(3), pages 171-179.
    3. Enrico Fontana, 2020. "Managing diversity through transgender inclusion in developing countries: A collaborative corporate social responsibility initiative from Bangladesh," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(6), pages 2548-2562, November.
    4. Joseph Henrich & Steven J. Heine & Ara Norenzayan, 2010. "Most people are not WEIRD," Nature, Nature, vol. 466(7302), pages 29-29, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Samiya Batool & David L. Rowland, 2021. "The Critical Role of Coping Strategies in Moderating Loneliness and Quality of Life: Parallel and Unique Processes among Transgender and Heterosexual Cisgender People in Pakistan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-16, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. John A. List, 2024. "Optimally generate policy-based evidence before scaling," Nature, Nature, vol. 626(7999), pages 491-499, February.
    2. Bouma, J.A. & Nguyen, Binh & van der Heijden, Eline & Dijk, J.J., 2018. "Analysing Group Contract Design Using a Lab and a Lab-in-the-Field Threshold Public Good Experiment," Discussion Paper 2018-049, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    3. Grosch, Kerstin & Fischer, Sabine, 2024. "Gender equivalence in overconfidence A large-scale experimental study in a non-WEIRD country," Department for Strategy and Innovation Working Paper Series 02/2024, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business.
    4. Khine Kyaw & Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Pornsit Jiraporn, 2021. "Stakeholder engagement and firms' innovation: Evidence from LGBT‐supportive policies," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(4), pages 1285-1298, July.
    5. Valencia Caicedo, Felipe & Dohmen, Thomas & Pondorfer, Andreas, 2023. "Religion and cooperation across the globe," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 479-489.
    6. Sahba Besharati & Rufus Akinyemi, 2023. "Accelerating African neuroscience to provide an equitable framework using perspectives from West and Southern Africa," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-4, December.
    7. Markussen, Thomas & Sharma, Smriti & Singhal, Saurabh & Tarp, Finn, 2021. "Inequality, institutions and cooperation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    8. Voigt, Stefan, 2022. "Determinant of Social Norms," ILE Working Paper Series 58, University of Hamburg, Institute of Law and Economics.
    9. repec:cup:judgdm:v:16:y:2021:i:6:p:1392-1412 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Ahn, T.K. & Ostrom, Elinor & Walker, James, 2010. "A common-pool resource experiment with postgraduate subjects from 41 countries," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(12), pages 2624-2633, October.
    11. Ran Xu & Navid Ghaffarzadegan, 2018. "Neuroscience bridging scientific disciplines in health: Who builds the bridge, who pays for it?," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 117(2), pages 1183-1204, November.
    12. Cornand, Camille & Hubert, Paul, 2020. "On the external validity of experimental inflation forecasts: A comparison with five categories of field expectations," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    13. Andrea Bizzego & Mengyu Lim & Greta Schiavon & Gianluca Esposito, 2020. "Children with Developmental Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: More Neglected and Physically Punished," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-16, September.
    14. Cheng-Fang Yen & Nai-Ying Ko & Yu-Te Huang & Mu-Hong Chen & I-Hsuan Lin & Wei-Hsin Lu, 2020. "Preference about Laws for the Legal Recognition of Same-Sex Relationships in Taiwanese People Before and After Same-Sex Marriage Referenda: A Facebook Survey Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-18, March.
    15. Michael Muthukrishna & Joseph Henrich & Wataru Toyokawa & Takeshi Hamamura & Tatsuya Kameda & Steven J Heine, 2018. "Overconfidence is universal? Elicitation of Genuine Overconfidence (EGO) procedure reveals systematic differences across domain, task knowledge, and incentives in four populations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-30, August.
    16. Renaud Foucart & Jonathan H. W. Tan, 2024. "A test of loyalty," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 97(1), pages 109-137, August.
    17. I-Hsuan Lin & Nai-Ying Ko & Yu-Te Huang & Mu-Hong Chen & Wei-Hsin Lu & Cheng-Fang Yen, 2019. "Effect of Same-Sex Marriage Referendums on the Suicidal Ideation Rate among Nonheterosexual People in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-11, September.
    18. James Derbyshire & Mandeep Dhami & Ian Belton & Dilek Önkal, 2023. "The value of experiments in futures and foresight science as illustrated by the case of scenario planning," Futures & Foresight Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), June.
    19. Monic Sun & Xiaoquan (Michael) Zhang & Feng Zhu, 2012. "To Belong or to Be Different? Evidence from a Large-Scale Field Experiment in China," Working Papers 12-15, NET Institute, revised Oct 2012.
    20. Ingo S. Seifert & Julia M. Rohrer & Boris Egloff & Stefan C. Schmukle, 2021. "The Development of the Rank-Order Stability of the Big Five across the Life Span," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 1156, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    21. Melissa M. Barnhill & Joseph G. L. Lee & Ann P. Rafferty, 2017. "Health Inequities among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults in North Carolina, 2011–2014," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-10, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2462-:d:509264. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.