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Depression as a Function of Social Support in Transgender and Cisgender Individuals with Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Author

Listed:
  • Tahira Yousuf

    (Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan)

  • Mahwish Naz

    (Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University, Karachi 75260, Pakistan)

  • Candace B. Roberson

    (Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA)

  • Suzanna M. Wise

    (Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA)

  • David L. Rowland

    (Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA)

Abstract

This study focused on the relationships among social support, self-esteem, and depression in transgender and cisgender individuals suffering from an incurable or curable sexually transmitted disease. Data were collected from 210 participants with an STI using a semi-structured interview along with culturally adapted standardized instruments. Results indicated no differences between transgender and cisgender groups in depression, although there were large differences in social support and self-esteem. Preliminary regression analysis identified only STI type and duration of STI as significant predictors of depression. However, when moderating roles for both social support and self-esteem were tested, each added to the explained variance and, equally importantly, revealed the effects of both gender status and social support on depression. These findings not only demonstrate how the compound stressors of gender minority status and STI type affect depressive symptoms, but also reveal the critical role that social support can play in mitigating depressive symptoms in those with gender minority status. Findings are interpreted within the context of South/Central Asian cultures that have pre- and post-colonial traditions regarding the social role of non-binary individuals.

Suggested Citation

  • Tahira Yousuf & Mahwish Naz & Candace B. Roberson & Suzanna M. Wise & David L. Rowland, 2021. "Depression as a Function of Social Support in Transgender and Cisgender Individuals with Sexually Transmitted Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2462-:d:509264
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Samiya Batool & David L. Rowland, 2021. "The Critical Role of Coping Strategies in Moderating Loneliness and Quality of Life: Parallel and Unique Processes among Transgender and Heterosexual Cisgender People in Pakistan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-16, August.

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