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The Relationship between Physical Activity and Academic Procrastination in Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

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  • Kai Ren

    (College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China)

  • Xiaolu Liu

    (Department of Agriculture, Food Science, and Kinesiology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA)

  • Yujuan Feng

    (Department of Physical Education, Shandong University of Art and Design, Ji’nan 250014, China)

  • Changqing Li

    (College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China)

  • Dingding Sun

    (College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China)

  • Ke Qiu

    (College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China)

Abstract

Background: Academic procrastination (AP) has been a common problematic behavior in college students. While physical activity (PA) has been reported to increase self-efficacy and reduce AP, less is known about the potential relationships among them. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between PA and AP. Methods: 687 Chinese college students (51% males, 49% females) aged 17–23 years ( M = 19.59, SD = 0.89) participated in the study. PA, self-efficacy, and AP were assessed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Students (PASS), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and mediation analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: (1) PA has a significant and negative impact on college students’ AP, (2) PA has a significant and positive impact on college students’ self-efficacy; (3) self-efficacy has a significant and negative impact on AP in college students; and (4) self-efficacy significantly mediates the relationship between PA and AP. Conclusions: PA is an effective intervention for directly and indirectly decreasing college students’ AP. Therefore, more intervention efforts should focus on the promotion of PA in higher education to improve students’ self-efficacy and thus, to reduce AP among college students.

Suggested Citation

  • Kai Ren & Xiaolu Liu & Yujuan Feng & Changqing Li & Dingding Sun & Ke Qiu, 2021. "The Relationship between Physical Activity and Academic Procrastination in Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11468-:d:669308
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nuria Codina & José V. Pestana & Rafael Valenzuela & Nuria Giménez, 2020. "Procrastination at the Core of Physical Activity (PA) and Perceived Quality of Life: A New Approach for Counteracting Lower Levels of PA Practice," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Manfred E Beutel & Eva M Klein & Stefan Aufenanger & Elmar Brähler & Michael Dreier & Kai W Müller & Oliver Quiring & Leonard Reinecke & Gabriele Schmutzer & Birgit Stark & Klaus Wölfling, 2016. "Procrastination, Distress and Life Satisfaction across the Age Range – A German Representative Community Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(2), pages 1-12, February.
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    4. Mengyao Shi & Xiangyu Zhai & Shiyuan Li & Yuqing Shi & Xiang Fan, 2021. "The Relationship between Physical Activity, Mobile Phone Addiction, and Irrational Procrastination in Chinese College Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-12, May.
    5. I-Hua Chu & Yu-Ling Chen & Pei-Tzu Wu & Wen-Lan Wu & Lan-Yuen Guo, 2021. "The Associations between Self-Determined Motivation, Multidimensional Self-Efficacy, and Device-Measured Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-11, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Changqing Li & Yanbo Hu & Kai Ren, 2022. "Physical Activity and Academic Procrastination among Chinese University Students: A Parallel Mediation Model of Self-Control and Self-Efficacy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-9, May.
    2. Guoyan Xiong & Caixia Wang & Xiujie Ma, 2023. "The Relationship between Physical Activity and Mental Depression in Older Adults during the Prevention and Control of COVID-19: A Mixed Model with Mediating and Moderating Effects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Hanying Zhang & Yuke Qin & Sabika Khalid & Endale Tadesse & Chunhai Gao, 2023. "A Systematic Review of the Impact of Physical Activity on Cognitive and Noncognitive Development in Chinese University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-11, January.
    4. Qingqi Liu & Jingjing Li, 2024. "A one-year longitudinal study on the mediating role of problematic TikTok use and gender differences in the association between academic stress and academic procrastination," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.

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