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Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Rodrigo M. Dias

    (Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
    Co-first author: Rodrigo M. Dias and Íbis A. P. Moraes should be considered joint first author (This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Psychological, and Social Health in Youth through Exercise and Healthy Behaviors).)

  • Íbis A. P. Moraes

    (Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
    Co-first author: Rodrigo M. Dias and Íbis A. P. Moraes should be considered joint first author (This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Psychological, and Social Health in Youth through Exercise and Healthy Behaviors).)

  • Maria T. A. P. Dantas

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of the West of São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente 19050-680, Brazil)

  • Deborah C. G. L. Fernani

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of the West of São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente 19050-680, Brazil)

  • Anne M. G. G. Fontes

    (Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil)

  • Ana C. Silveira

    (Postgraduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACHUSP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil)

  • Viviani Barnabé

    (Faculty of Medicine, City University of São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo 03071-000, Brazil)

  • Marcelo Fernandes

    (Postgraduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACHUSP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
    Department of Physiotherapy, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil)

  • Patrícia M. Martinelli

    (Study Design and Scientific Writing Laboratory, ABC Medical School (FMABC), Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil)

  • Carlos B. M. Monteiro

    (Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil)

  • David M. Garner

    (Cardiorespiratory Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Headington Campus, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK)

  • Luiz C. Abreu

    (Study Design and Scientific Writing Laboratory, ABC Medical School (FMABC), Santo André, São Paulo 09060-870, Brazil)

  • Talita D. Silva

    (Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
    Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
    Faculty of Medicine, City University of São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo 03071-000, Brazil)

Abstract

Background: Sedentary lifestyles are increasingly common amongst children, and insufficient physical activity is a global epidemic estimated to contribute to future incapacities and potential deaths. Objective: We aimed to increase the amount of evidence concerning the effect of chronic exposure to exercise on heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity. Methods: A systematic review commenced following the PRISMA guidelines developed by Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Medline Complete, and Scopus using keywords obtained from the Descriptors in Health Sciences and Medical Subject Headlines (MeSH) terms. We considered (1) Population: Pediatric individuals affected by obesity; (2) Intervention: Exercise; (3) Control: Pre-intervention and sedentary; (4) Outcomes: Clearly presented primary parameters; and (5) Studies: Clinical trials, case controls, case reports, and case series. Results: 11 articles were involved and predominantly included procedures observed during approximately 12 weeks with a distribution of three sessions per week, each session being 30–60 min of aerobic exercise; additionally, the exercise grades were typically completed at a percentage of subjects’ maximum heart rates. The meta-analyses displayed a significant effect on the domains of time (R-R interval, SDNN, rMSSD), frequency (HF ms 2 , HF (n.u.), LF/HF), and the non-linear index (SD1). Conclusions: Chronic exposure to exercise influences heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity by elevating the variability and parasympathetic activity and improving the sympathetic-vagal balance. Exercises should be recommended for the improvement of cardiac autonomic modulation to prevent the likelihood of further chronic diseases.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodrigo M. Dias & Íbis A. P. Moraes & Maria T. A. P. Dantas & Deborah C. G. L. Fernani & Anne M. G. G. Fontes & Ana C. Silveira & Viviani Barnabé & Marcelo Fernandes & Patrícia M. Martinelli & Carlos , 2021. "Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11065-:d:661498
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bach Xuan Tran & Son Nghiem & Clifford Afoakwah & Carl A. Latkin & Giang Hai Ha & Thao Phuong Nguyen & Linh Phuong Doan & Hai Quang Pham & Cyrus S.H. Ho & Roger C.M. Ho, 2019. "Characterizing Obesity Interventions and Treatment for Children and Youths During 1991–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Vivian Welch & Mark Petticrew & Peter Tugwell & David Moher & Jennifer O'Neill & Elizabeth Waters & Howard White & the PRISMA-Equity Bellagio group, 2012. "PRISMA-Equity 2012 Extension: Reporting Guidelines for Systematic Reviews with a Focus on Health Equity," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-7, October.
    3. Elaine M Beller & Paul P Glasziou & Douglas G Altman & Sally Hopewell & Hilda Bastian & Iain Chalmers & Peter C Gøtzsche & Toby Lasserson & David Tovey & for the PRISMA for Abstracts Group, 2013. "PRISMA for Abstracts: Reporting Systematic Reviews in Journal and Conference Abstracts," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-8, April.
    4. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Íbis A. P. Moraes & Joyce A. Lima & Nadja M. Silva & Amanda O. Simcsik & Ana C. Silveira & Lilian D. C. Menezes & Luciano V. Araújo & Tânia B. Crocetta & Mariana C. Voos & James Tonks & Talita D. Silv, 2022. "Effect of Longitudinal Practice in Real and Virtual Environments on Motor Performance, Physical Activity and Enjoyment in People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Contr," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Samuel Encarnação & Filipe Rodrigues & António Miguel Monteiro & Hatem Gouili & Soukaina Hattabi & Andrew Sortwell & Luís Branquinho & José Eduardo Teixeira & Ricardo Ferraz & Pedro Flores & Sandra Si, 2023. "Obesity Status and Physical Fitness Levels in Male and Female Portuguese Adolescents: A Two-Way Multivariate Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(12), pages 1-14, June.

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