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Assessment of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity Changes during the Full COVID-19 Curfew Period and Its Effect on Weight among Adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Author

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  • Nisreen M. Abdulsalam

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia)

  • Najla A. Khateeb

    (Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Sarah S. Aljerbi

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia)

  • Waad M. Alqumayzi

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia)

  • Shaima S. Balubaid

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia)

  • Atheer A. Almarghlani

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia)

  • Amira A. Ayad

    (Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina A&T State University, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA)

  • Leonard L. Williams

    (Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina A&T State University, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA)

Abstract

The World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic in March 2020. Global efforts have been made to prevent the disease from spreading through political decisions and personal behaviors, all of which rely on public awareness. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of dietary habits on weight and physical activity (PA) during the COVID-19 stay-at-home order in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was distributed using social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp) and email communication. A total of 472 adults (age range, 18–59 years), over half of the study population (68.0%) being females, 55.5% being between 19 and 29 years old, 15.0%—between 30 and 39 years old, and 11.2%—older than 50 years old, participated in the study. Our results indicated that the overall body weight was slightly increased among the 50+ age group (47.2%, p > 0.05), but it highly increased among the 30–39-years-old age group (32.4%, p > 0.05) as compared to before the pandemic lockdown period. Therefore, our results show that a significant difference ( p < 0.05) was found for all the assessments: weight status, physical activity patterns, hours spent on screen time, homemade meals, and changes in dietary habits before and during the full COVID-19 curfew period. This study demonstrated that changes in eating habits were commonly reported among the participants who represented the full COVID-19 curfew period and that changes in eating habits and decreased physical activity led to weight gain.

Suggested Citation

  • Nisreen M. Abdulsalam & Najla A. Khateeb & Sarah S. Aljerbi & Waad M. Alqumayzi & Shaima S. Balubaid & Atheer A. Almarghlani & Amira A. Ayad & Leonard L. Williams, 2021. "Assessment of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity Changes during the Full COVID-19 Curfew Period and Its Effect on Weight among Adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8580-:d:614185
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniela Reyes-Olavarría & Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román & Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán & Daniel Jerez-Mayorga & Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete & Pedro Delgado-Floody, 2020. "Positive and Negative Changes in Food Habits, Physical Activity Patterns, and Weight Status during COVID-19 Confinement: Associated Factors in the Chilean Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Roberta Zupo & Fabio Castellana & Rodolfo Sardone & Annamaria Sila & Vito Angelo Giagulli & Vincenzo Triggiani & Raffaele Ivan Cincione & Gianluigi Giannelli & Giovanni De Pergola, 2020. "Preliminary Trajectories in Dietary Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Public Health Call to Action to Face Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-15, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Osama Aljuhani & Rola Alsuwailem & Abdulelah Al-Salawi & Gavin Sandercock, 2022. "Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Primary School Children in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Association with Parents’ Behaviors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-14, October.

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