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Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines in Saliva after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

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  • Ji-Youn Kim

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea)

  • Han-Na Kim

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea)

Abstract

To determine the diagnostic value of inflammatory cytokines in periodontal disease, we performed a systematic review of the changes in inflammatory cytokines after non-surgical periodontal therapy and a meta-analysis of the utility of interleukin (IL)-1β and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 as salivary biomarkers. All available papers published in English until 20 August 2020, were searched in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Population, intervention, comparison, and outcome data were extracted from the selected studies, and the roles of IL-1β and MMP-8 were assessed in a meta-analysis. Eleven studies, including two meta-analyses, were assessed in the systematic review. Biomarkers showing high levels in periodontal disease were salivary IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, MMP-8, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-2, and those in the controls were tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-32. Biomarkers that decreased after scaling and root planning (SRP) and oral hygiene instruction (OHI) in periodontitis patients were IL-1β, MMP-8, MMP-9, prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2 ), and TIMP-2. The pooled standardized mean difference of IL-1β and MMP-8 was −1.04 and 35.90, respectively, but the differences between periodontitis patients and healthy controls were not significant. Although the changes in salivary IL-1β and MMP-8 levels after non-surgical periodontal therapy were not significant, salivary cytokines could be used to confirm the effect of periodontal therapy or diagnose periodontal disease.

Suggested Citation

  • Ji-Youn Kim & Han-Na Kim, 2020. "Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines in Saliva after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2020:i:1:p:194-:d:470012
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    1. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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    1. Karyne Martins Lima & Keiko Aramaki Abreu Calado & Adriana de Fátima Vasconcelos Pereira & Mayara Cristina Pinto da Silva & Fernanda Ferreira Lopes, 2024. "MMP-8 in Periodontal Sites of Postpartum and without-Any-Pregnancy Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(6), pages 1-11, June.

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