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Flooding Irrigation Weakens the Molecular Ecological Network Complexity of Soil Microbes during the Process of Dryland-to-Paddy Conversion

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaoxiao Li

    (School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China)

  • Qi Zhang

    (School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China)

  • Jing Ma

    (Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China)

  • Yongjun Yang

    (School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China)

  • Yifei Wang

    (School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China)

  • Chen Fu

    (School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China
    Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China)

Abstract

Irrigation has been applied on a large scale for the improvement of grain yield per hectare and production stability. However, the dryland-to-paddy conversion affects the ecological environment of areas of long-term dry farming, especially soil microorganisms. Little attention has been paid to the changes in microbial communities and the interactions between their populations in this process. Therefore, in this paper, the compositions and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities were explored through a combination of high-throughput sequencing technology and molecular ecological network methods using bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS. The results showed that: (1) both the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi decreased in a short time, and the abundance of Actinobacteria , Firmicutes and Olpidiomycota varied greatly. (2) Compared to dry land, the modular structure of interaction networks and interspecific relationships of bacterial and fungal communities in paddy soil were simpler, and the network became more unstable. A cooperative relationship dominated in the molecular ecological network of bacteria, while a competitive relationship was dominant in the network of fungi. Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial species in dry land and paddy field, respectively. Ascomycota was dominant in the fungal communities of both dry land and paddy field. (3) The change in soil environmental factors, such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) and available potassium (AK), directly affected the soil microbial community structure, showing a significant correlation ( p < 0.05). These environmental factors also influenced the dominant microbial species. Microorganisms are the most important link in the carbon and nitrogen cycles of soil, and a large-scale dryland-to-paddy conversion may reduce the ecological stability of regional soil.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoxiao Li & Qi Zhang & Jing Ma & Yongjun Yang & Yifei Wang & Chen Fu, 2020. "Flooding Irrigation Weakens the Molecular Ecological Network Complexity of Soil Microbes during the Process of Dryland-to-Paddy Conversion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:2:p:561-:d:309132
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhanbin Luo & Jing Ma & Fu Chen & Xiaoxiao Li & Huping Hou & Shaoliang Zhang, 2019. "Cracks Reinforce the Interactions among Soil Bacterial Communities in the Coal Mining Area of Loess Plateau, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Jizhong Zhou & Kai Xue & Jianping Xie & Ye Deng & Liyou Wu & Xiaoli Cheng & Shenfeng Fei & Shiping Deng & Zhili He & Joy D. Van Nostrand & Yiqi Luo, 2012. "Microbial mediation of carbon-cycle feedbacks to climate warming," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(2), pages 106-110, February.
    3. Xiaoxiao Li & Jing Ma & Yongjun Yang & Huping Hou & Gang-Jun Liu & Fu Chen, 2019. "Short-Term Response of Soil Microbial Community to Field Conversion from Dryland to Paddy under the Land Consolidation Process in North China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-17, October.
    4. T. W. Crowther & K. E. O. Todd-Brown & C. W. Rowe & W. R. Wieder & J. C. Carey & M. B. Machmuller & B. L. Snoek & S. Fang & G. Zhou & S. D. Allison & J. M. Blair & S. D. Bridgham & A. J. Burton & Y. C, 2016. "Quantifying global soil carbon losses in response to warming," Nature, Nature, vol. 540(7631), pages 104-108, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Taotao Chen & Erping Cui & Yanbo Zhang & Ge Gao & Hao You & Yurun Tian & Chao Hu & Yuan Liu & Tao Fan & Xiangyang Fan, 2024. "Microbial Network Complexity Helps to Reduce the Deep Migration of Chemical Fertilizer Nitrogen Under the Combined Application of Varying Irrigation Amounts and Multiple Nitrogen Sources," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Yongjun Yang & Renjie Gong & Xuyue Pan & Xiaoxiao Li & Ziyi Hua & Jing Ma & Xueying Duan & Fu Chen, 2024. "How Dryland-to-Paddy Conversion Affects the Carbon Emission Efficiency in the Short Term: Evidence from Soil Carbon-Fixing Bacteria and the Carbon Pool in an Experimental Study," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, November.

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