IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i23p8884-d453362.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of the Verbal Encouragement on Psychophysiological and Affective Responses during Small-Sided Games

Author

Listed:
  • Hajer Sahli

    (Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia)

  • Okba Selmi

    (Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia)

  • Makrem Zghibi

    (Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia)

  • Lee Hill

    (Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

  • Thomas Rosemann

    (Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Beat Knechtle

    (Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
    Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland)

  • Filipe Manuel Clemente

    (Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
    Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

Verbal encouragement (VE) is considered as external motivation provided by physical education teacher. For this reason, this study aimed to examine the effects of VE on psychophysiological and affective responses during small-sided games (SSG). Sixteen male school students (age: 17.37 ± 0.48 years) completed four sessions of a 4-a-side SSG. Two sessions occurred with VE (SSGE), and two sessions did not include VE (SSGNE). Heart rate was continuously recorded, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate concentration ([La]b) were measured after each training session. Physical enjoyment was assessed after each protocol. Mood state was recorded before and after each training session using the profile of mood-state. HR max, [La]b, RPE, Physical enjoyment, and vigor were higher in SSGE compared to SSGNE (all, p < 0.001). The SSGE and SSGNE resulted in a decreased total mood disturbance (TMD) ( p = 0.001, ES = 0.60; p = 0.04, ES = 0.33, respectively) and tension ( p < 0.001, ES = 0.91; p = 0.004, ES = 0.47, respectively), and the vigor was increased after the SSGE ( p < 0.001, ES = 0.76). SSGE and SSGNE induce similar improvement in TMD and tension. However, SSGE induced higher physiological responses, RPE, enjoyment, and positive mood than SSGNE. Physical education teachers could use VE during specific soccer sessions to improve physical aspects, enjoyment, and mood in participants.

Suggested Citation

  • Hajer Sahli & Okba Selmi & Makrem Zghibi & Lee Hill & Thomas Rosemann & Beat Knechtle & Filipe Manuel Clemente, 2020. "Effect of the Verbal Encouragement on Psychophysiological and Affective Responses during Small-Sided Games," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8884-:d:453362
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/23/8884/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/23/8884/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Clemente, Filipe Manuel & Afonso, José & Castillo, Daniel & Arcos, Asier Los & Silva, Ana Filipa & Sarmento, Hugo, 2020. "The effects of small-sided soccer games on tactical behavior and collective dynamics: A systematic review," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    2. Manuel Jiménez & Manuel Fernández-Navas & José Ramón Alvero-Cruz & Jerónimo García-Romero & Virginia García-Coll & Iván Rivilla & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2019. "Differences in Psychoneuroendocrine Stress Responses of High-Level Swimmers Depending on Autocratic and Democratic Coaching Style," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Bulent Kilit & Ersan Arslan & Firat Akca & Dicle Aras & Yusuf Soylu & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis & Thomas Rosemann & Beat Knechtle, 2019. "Effect of Coach Encouragement on the Psychophysiological and Performance Responses of Young Tennis Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-10, September.
    4. Hugo Sarmento & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Liam David Harper & Israel Teoldo da Costa & Adam Owen & António J. Figueiredo, 2018. "Small sided games in soccer – a systematic review," International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(5), pages 693-749, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mohamed Ali Hammami & Maher Guerchi & Okba Selmi & Faten Sehli & Hatem Ghouili & Oana Ancuța Stângaciu & Marius Alin Marinău & Ovidiu Galeru & Dan Iulian Alexe, 2023. "Effect of Verbal Encouragement on Physical Fitness, Technical Skill and Physiological Response during Small-Sided Soccer Games," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-12, February.
    2. Zied Ouertatani & Okba Selmi & Santo Marsigliante & Bilel Aydi & Nadhir Hammami & Antonella Muscella, 2022. "Comparison of the Physical, Physiological, and Psychological Responses of the High-Intensity Interval (HIIT) and Small-Sided Games (SSG) Training Programs in Young Elite Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-18, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohamed Ali Hammami & Maher Guerchi & Okba Selmi & Faten Sehli & Hatem Ghouili & Oana Ancuța Stângaciu & Marius Alin Marinău & Ovidiu Galeru & Dan Iulian Alexe, 2023. "Effect of Verbal Encouragement on Physical Fitness, Technical Skill and Physiological Response during Small-Sided Soccer Games," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-12, February.
    2. Alejandro Sabarit & Juan P. Morillo-Baro & Rafael E. Reigal & Juan A. Vázquez-Diz & Antonio Hernández-Mendo & Verónica Morales-Sánchez, 2022. "Analysis of Game Actions and Performance in Young Soccer Players: A Study Using Sequential Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Filipe Manuel Clemente & Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo & José Afonso & Hugo Sarmento & Thomas Rosemann & Beat Knechtle, 2021. "A Meta-Analytical Comparison of the Effects of Small-Sided Games vs. Running-Based High-Intensity Interval Training on Soccer Players’ Repeated-Sprint Ability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-11, March.
    4. Juan Vicente Sierra-Ríos & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Ezequiel Rey & Sixto González-Víllora, 2020. "Effects of 6 Weeks Direct Instruction and Teaching Games for Understanding Programs on Physical Activity and Tactical Behaviour in U-12 Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-14, July.
    5. Luiz Guilherme Cruz Gonçalves & Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho & Fábio Yuzo Nakamura & Vincenzo Rago & José Afonso & Bruno Luiz de Souza Bedo & Rodrigo Aquino, 2020. "Effects of Match-Related Contextual Factors on Weekly Load Responses in Professional Brazilian Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-13, July.
    6. David Pizarro & Alba Práxedes & Bruno Travassos & Bruno Gonçalves & Alberto Moreno, 2021. "How the Number of Players and Floaters’ Positioning Changes the Offensive Performance during Futsal Small-Sided and Conditioned Games," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-10, July.
    7. Antonio Antúnez & Sergio J. Ibáñez & Sebastian Feu, 2021. "Analysis of the Research Methodology in Spanish Doctoral Theses on Handball. A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-18, October.
    8. Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez & Juan Pedro Fuentes-García & Ricardo J. Fernandes & João Paulo Vilas-Boas, 2021. "Psychological and Physiological Features Associated with Swimming Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-11, April.
    9. Joaquín González-Rodenas & Rodrigo Aranda-Malavés & Andrés Tudela-Desantes & Pedro de Matías-Cid & Rafael Aranda, 2021. "Different Pitch Configurations Constrain the Playing Tactics and the Creation of Goal Scoring Opportunities during Small Sided Games in Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-14, October.
    10. Manuel Jiménez & José Ramón Alvero-Cruz & Juan Solla & Jorge García-Bastida & Virginia García-Coll & Iván Rivilla & Enrique Ruiz & Jerónimo García-Romero & Elvis A. Carnero & Vicente Javier Clemente-S, 2020. "Competition Seriousness and Competition Level Modulate Testosterone and Cortisol Responses in Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-9, January.
    11. Pablo Ruisoto & Marina Ramírez & Belén Paladines-Costa & Silvia Vaca & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2020. "Predicting Caregiver Burden in Informal Caregivers for the Elderly in Ecuador," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-10, October.
    12. Sarmento, Hugo & Clemente, Filipe Manuel & Gonçalves, Eder & Harper, Liam D & Dias, Diogo & Figueiredo, António, 2020. "Analysis of the offensive process of AS Monaco professional soccer team: A mixed-method approach," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    13. Moisés Falces-Prieto & Francisco Tomás González-Fernández & Jaime Matas-Bustos & Pedro Jesús Ruiz-Montero & Jesús Rodicio-Palma & Manuel Torres-Pacheco & Filipe Manuel Clemente, 2021. "An Exploratory Data Analysis on the Influence of Role Rotation in a Small-Sided Game on Young Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, June.
    14. Igor Junio Oliveira Custódio & Renan Dos Santos & Rafael de Oliveira Ildefonso & André Andrade & Rodrigo Diniz & Gustavo Peixoto & Sarah Bredt & Gibson Moreira Praça & Mauro Heleno Chagas, 2022. "Effect of Small-Sided Games with and without the Offside Rule on Young Soccer Players: Reliability of Physiological Demands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-10, August.
    15. Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez & Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo & José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera & Jose A. Parraca & Nuno Batalha, 2021. "The Effect of Periodization on Training Program Adherence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-8, December.
    16. Carlos Fernández-Espínola & Manuel Tomás Abad Robles & Francisco Javier Giménez Fuentes-Guerra, 2020. "Small-Sided Games as a Methodological Resource for Team Sports Teaching: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-21, March.
    17. Romualdo Caldeira & Élvio Rúbio Gouveia & Andreas Ihle & Adilson Marques & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Helder Lopes & Ricardo Henriques & Hugo Sarmento, 2022. "The Relationship between Different Large-Sided Games and Official Matches on Professional Football Players’ Locomotor Intensity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-12, April.
    18. Clemente, Filipe Manuel & Afonso, José & Castillo, Daniel & Arcos, Asier Los & Silva, Ana Filipa & Sarmento, Hugo, 2020. "The effects of small-sided soccer games on tactical behavior and collective dynamics: A systematic review," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8884-:d:453362. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.