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Mediterranean Lifestyle to Promote Physical, Mental, and Environmental Health: The Case of Chile

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  • Guadalupe Echeverría

    (Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile
    Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Ornella Tiboni

    (Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Loni Berkowitz

    (Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile
    Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Victoria Pinto

    (Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Bárbara Samith

    (Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Andrea von Schultzendorff

    (Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Nuria Pedrals

    (Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile
    Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Marcela Bitran

    (Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile
    Centro de Educación Médica y de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

  • Chiara Ruini

    (Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Carol D. Ryff

    (Institute on Aging and Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1611, USA)

  • Daniele Del Rio

    (Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy)

  • Attilio Rigotti

    (Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile
    Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CP 83300024, Chile)

Abstract

Chile is currently experiencing a progressive epidemiological transition towards chronic diseases. In this country, >50% of annual deaths are attributed to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Moreover, health surveys have shown high prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cardiovascular disease risk. In addition, mental health issues are also frequent among Chilean adults. On the other hand, the agri-food system contributes to 21–37% of greenhouse gases emissions worldwide. Overall, current health and food chain situation calls out for design and implementation of evidence-based feasible and effective nutritional interventions needed to promote physical and mental health along with addressing food sustainability in Chile. Nowadays, the Mediterranean diet is recognized as one of the healthiest dietary patterns based on observational and interventional studies linked to a wide variety of health outcomes. However, a Mediterranean lifestyle goes well beyond food intake: it includes promotion of psychosocial resources, community life as well as cultural traditions. Indeed, Mediterranean lifestyle is a true modus vivendi that integrally promotes physical, mental, and social well-being. In addition, the Mediterranean diet stands out for its environmental sustainability because it is characterized mainly as a plant-based dietary pattern with low carbon and water footprints. Remarkably, Central Chile has a Mediterranean-like setting with plant and animal food production and availability patterns comparable to those present in countries located around the Mediterranean Sea. Therefore, this article reviews how promotion of Mediterranean lifestyle adherence in Chile offers great potential for management of the ongoing epidemiological transition to chronic diseases as well to promote psychological well-being within a unique food system and dietary sustainability vision for this Latin American country.

Suggested Citation

  • Guadalupe Echeverría & Ornella Tiboni & Loni Berkowitz & Victoria Pinto & Bárbara Samith & Andrea von Schultzendorff & Nuria Pedrals & Marcela Bitran & Chiara Ruini & Carol D. Ryff & Daniele Del Rio &, 2020. "Mediterranean Lifestyle to Promote Physical, Mental, and Environmental Health: The Case of Chile," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:22:p:8482-:d:445824
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ximena Alvial & Alejandra Rojas & Raúl Carrasco & Claudia Durán & Christian Fernández-Campusano, 2021. "Overuse of Health Care in the Emergency Services in Chile," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Loni Berkowitz & Camila Mateo & Cristian Salazar & Bárbara Samith & Daniela Sara & Victoria Pinto & Ximena Martínez & Mariana Calzada & Andrea von Schultzendorff & Nuria Pedrals & Marcela Bitran & Gua, 2023. "Healthy Eating as Potential Mediator of Inverse Association between Purpose in Life and Waist Circumference: Emerging Evidence from US and Chilean Cohorts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(23), pages 1-14, November.
    3. Carla Semir-González & Rodrigo Ferrer-Urbina & Carolina Suazo-Navarro & Catalina Flores-Denegri & Darinka Bolados & Joaquín Rosales & Geraldy Sepúlveda-Páez, 2023. "Development of a Scale to Measure Healthy Behaviors in Spanish-Speaking University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-8, February.

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