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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Correlation between Glycemic Parameters and Body Mass Index

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  • Erika Aparecida Silveira

    (Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil)

  • Lorena Pereira de Souza Rosa

    (Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
    Federal Institute of Goiás, Goiânia Oeste Campus, Goiás 74270-040, Brazil)

  • Annelisa Silva e Alves de Carvalho Santos

    (Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
    United College of Campinas, Goiás 74535-040, Brazil)

  • Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso

    (Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
    Nutrition Course, School of Social and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiás 74605-010, Brazil)

  • Matias Noll

    (Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
    Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres Campus, Goiás 76310-000, Brazil)

Abstract

Despite the worldwide growth of class II and III obesity, the factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in these obese individuals are not widely understood. Moreover, no study has investigated these associations in South America. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of T2DM and its associated factors, with an emphasis on biochemical parameters and eating habits, in class II and III obese individuals. We also aimed to analyze the correlation between glycemic parameters and body mass index (BMI). Baseline data from a randomized clinical trial (DieTBra Trial) of 150 class II and III obese individuals (BMI > 35 kg/m 2 ) was used. An accelerometer, Food Frequency Questionnaire, and bioimpedance analysis were used to assess physical activity levels, eating habits, and body composition, respectively. Blood was collected after 12 h of fasting. Hierarchical multivariate Poisson regression was performed, and prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated. Correlations between glycemic parameters (fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and insulin) and BMI were also analyzed. The prevalence of T2DM was 40.0% (95% CI, 32.1–48.3), high fasting blood glucose level was 19.33% (95% CI, 13.3–26.6), and high glycosylated hemoglobin was 32.67% (95% CI, 25.2–40.8). Age ≥ 50 years (PR = 3.17, 95% CI, 1.26–7.98) was significantly associated with T2DM; there was a positive linear trend between age and T2DM ( p = 0.011). Multivariate analysis showed an association with educational level (PR = 1.49, 1.07–2.09, p = 0.018), nonconsumption of whole grains daily (PR = 1.67, 1.00–2.80, p = 0.049), and high HOMA-IR (PR = 1.54, 1.08–2.18, p = 0.016). We found a high prevalence of T2DM and no significant correlations between BMI and glycemic parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • Erika Aparecida Silveira & Lorena Pereira de Souza Rosa & Annelisa Silva e Alves de Carvalho Santos & Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso & Matias Noll, 2020. "Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Correlation between Glycemic Parameters and Body Mass Index," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:11:p:3930-:d:366118
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    1. Atanu Sengupta & Sanjoy De, 2020. "Review of Literature," India Studies in Business and Economics, in: Assessing Performance of Banks in India Fifty Years After Nationalization, chapter 0, pages 15-30, Springer.
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