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Body Mass Index Trajectory–Specific Changes in Economic Circumstances: A Person-Oriented Approach Among Midlife and Ageing Finns

Author

Listed:
  • Jatta Salmela

    (Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Tea Lallukka

    (Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
    Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Elina Mauramo

    (Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Ossi Rahkonen

    (Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Noora Kanerva

    (Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland)

Abstract

Economic disadvantage is related to a higher risk of adulthood obesity, but few studies have considered whether changes in economic circumstances depend on a person’s body mass index (BMI) trajectory. We identified latent BMI trajectories among midlife and ageing Finns and captured individual-level changes in economic circumstances within the BMI trajectories utilizing sequence analysis. We used the Helsinki Health Study cohort data of initially 40–60-year-old Finnish municipal employees, with four survey questionnaire phases (2000–2017). Each survey included identical questions on height and weight, and on economic circumstances incorporating household income and current economic difficulties. Based on computed BMI, we identified participants’ ( n = 7105; 82% women) BMI trajectories over the follow-up using group-based trajectory modeling. Four BMI trajectories were identified: stable healthy weight (34% of the participants), stable overweight (42%), overweight to class I obesity (20%), and stable class II obesity (5%). Lower household income level and having economic difficulties became more common and persistent when moving from lower- to higher-level BMI trajectories. Differences in household income widened over the follow-up between the trajectory groups, whereas economic difficulties decreased equally in all trajectory groups over time. Our study provides novel information on the dynamic interplay between long-term BMI changes and economic circumstances.

Suggested Citation

  • Jatta Salmela & Tea Lallukka & Elina Mauramo & Ossi Rahkonen & Noora Kanerva, 2020. "Body Mass Index Trajectory–Specific Changes in Economic Circumstances: A Person-Oriented Approach Among Midlife and Ageing Finns," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:10:p:3668-:d:361911
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barry Watson, 2018. "Does Economic Insecurity Cause Weight Gain Among Canadian Labor Force Participants?," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 64(2), pages 406-427, June.
    2. Christian Brzinsky-Fay & Ulrich Kohler & Magdalena Luniak, 2006. "Sequence analysis with Stata," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 6(4), pages 435-460, December.
    3. Hedwig Lee & Kathleen Harris & Penny Gordon-Larsen, 2009. "Life Course Perspectives on the Links Between Poverty and Obesity During the Transition to Young Adulthood," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 28(4), pages 505-532, August.
    4. Monsivais, Pablo & Martin, Adam & Suhrcke, Marc & Forouhi, Nita G. & Wareham, Nicholas J., 2015. "Job-loss and weight gain in British adults: Evidence from two longitudinal studies," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 223-231.
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