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Wuqinxi Qigong as an Alternative Exercise for Improving Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Author

Listed:
  • Liye Zou

    (Faculty of Athletic Training, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
    Lifestyle (Mind-Body Movement) Research Center, College of Sports Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yangjie Zhang

    (Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jeffer Eidi Sasaki

    (Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG 38025-440, Brazil)

  • Albert S. Yeung

    (Depression Clinical and Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA)

  • Lin Yang

    (Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3G3, Canada
    Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cunning School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada)

  • Paul D. Loprinzi

    (Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management School of Applied Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 36877, USA)

  • Jian Sun

    (Faculty of Athletic Training, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China)

  • Shijie Liu

    (Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China)

  • Jane Jie Yu

    (Sports and Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Department of Sports, Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China)

  • Shengyan Sun

    (Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China)

  • Yuqiang Mai

    (College of Chinese Martial Arts, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China)

Abstract

Background: The improvement of living standards has led to increases in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases. In particular, multifactorial complex diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, are becoming more prevalent. Currently, developing effective methods to combat or prevent metabolic syndrome is of critical public health importance. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate the existing literature regarding the effects of Wuqinxi exercise on reducing risk factors related to metabolic syndrome. Methods: Both English- and Chinese-language databases were searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Wuqinxi on these outcomes. Meanwhile, we extracted usable data for computing pooled effect size estimates, along with the random-effects model. Results: The synthesized results showed positive effects of Wuqinxi exercise on systolic blood pressure (SBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.85, p < 0.001, I 2 = 24.06%), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.00, p < 0.001, I 2 = 61.28%), total plasma cholesterol (TC, SMD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.36, p < 0.001, I 2 = 78.71%), triglyceride (TG, SMD = 0.87, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.24, p < 0.001, I 2 = 67.22%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, SMD = 1.24, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.72, p < 0.001, I 2 = 78.27%), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, SMD = 0.95, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.46, p < 0.001, I 2 = 82.27%). In addition, regression results showed that longer-duration Wuqinxi intervention significantly improved DBP ( β = 0.00016, Q = 5.72, df = 1, p = 0.02), TC ( β = −0.00010, Q = 9.03, df = 1, p = 0.01), TG ( β = 0.00012, Q = 6.23, df = 1, p = 0.01), and LDL ( β = 0.00011, Q = 5.52, df = 1, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Wuqinxi may be an effective intervention to alleviate the cardiovascular disease risk factors of metabolic syndrome.

Suggested Citation

  • Liye Zou & Yangjie Zhang & Jeffer Eidi Sasaki & Albert S. Yeung & Lin Yang & Paul D. Loprinzi & Jian Sun & Shijie Liu & Jane Jie Yu & Shengyan Sun & Yuqiang Mai, 2019. "Wuqinxi Qigong as an Alternative Exercise for Improving Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-15, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:8:p:1396-:d:223865
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhaowei Kong & Tat-Ming Sze & Jane Jie Yu & Paul D. Loprinzi & Tao Xiao & Albert S. Yeung & Chunxiao Li & Hua Zhang & Liye Zou, 2019. "Tai Chi as an Alternative Exercise to Improve Physical Fitness for Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Liye Zou & Albert Yeung & Nan Zeng & Chaoyi Wang & Li Sun & Garrett Anthony Thomas & Huiru Wang, 2018. "Effects of Mind-Body Exercises for Mood and Functional Capabilities in Patients with Stroke: An Analytical Review of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Liye Zou & Chaoyi Wang & Kevin Chen & Yankai Shu & Xiaoan Chen & Lin Luo & Xitang Zhao, 2017. "The Effect of Taichi Practice on Attenuating Bone Mineral Density Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Liye Zou & Chaoyi Wang & Xiaoan Chen & Huiru Wang, 2018. "Baduanjin Exercise for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-10, March.
    5. Shi-Jie Liu & Zhanbing Ren & Lin Wang & Gao-Xia Wei & Liye Zou, 2018. "Mind–Body (Baduanjin) Exercise Prescription for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-19, August.
    6. Yanjie Zhang & Chunxiao Li & Liye Zou & Xiaolei Liu & Wook Song, 2018. "The Effects of Mind-Body Exercise on Cognitive Performance in Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-16, December.
    7. Liye Zou & Albert Yeung & Xinfeng Quan & Stanley Sai-Chuen Hui & Xiaoyue Hu & Jessie S. M. Chan & Chaoyi Wang & Sean David Boyden & Li Sun & Huiru Wang, 2018. "Mindfulness-Based Baduanjin Exercise for Depression and Anxiety in People with Physical or Mental Illnesses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, February.
    8. Liye Zou & Albert Yeung & Xinfeng Quan & Sean David Boyden & Huiru Wang, 2018. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mindfulness-Based (Baduanjin) Exercise for Alleviating Musculoskeletal Pain and Improving Sleep Quality in People with Chronic Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-19, January.
    9. Shengwen Zhou & Yanjie Zhang & Zhaowei Kong & Paul D. Loprinzi & Yang Hu & Jiajie Ye & Shijie Liu & Jane Jie Yu & Liye Zou, 2019. "The Effects of Tai Chi on Markers of Atherosclerosis, Lower-limb Physical Function, and Cognitive Ability in Adults Aged Over 60: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-12, March.
    10. Jing Liu & Albert Yeung & Tao Xiao & Xiaopei Tian & Zhaowei Kong & Liye Zou & Xueqiang Wang, 2019. "Chen-Style Tai Chi for Individuals (Aged 50 Years Old or Above) with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-9, February.
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    1. Shijie Liu & Tao Xiao & Lin Yang & Paul D. Loprinzi, 2019. "Exercise as an Alternative Approach for Treating Smartphone Addiction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Random Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Ruojin Li & Hongwei Chen & Jiahao Feng & Ying Xiao & Haoyang Zhang & Christopher Wai-Kei Lam & Hong Xiao, 2020. "Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Exercise for Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-18, October.

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