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Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Exercise for Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Author

Listed:
  • Ruojin Li

    (Department of Physical Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
    Both authors have equal contributions to the paper.)

  • Hongwei Chen

    (Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
    State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
    School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
    Both authors have equal contributions to the paper.)

  • Jiahao Feng

    (School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China)

  • Ying Xiao

    (Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
    State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China)

  • Haoyang Zhang

    (School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China)

  • Christopher Wai-Kei Lam

    (Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
    State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China)

  • Hong Xiao

    (Department of Physical Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China)

Abstract

Background: Growing evidences have advocated the potential benefits of traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) on symptomatic improvement of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, most of them have been derived from cross-sectional studies or case reports; the effectiveness of TCE therapies has not been fully assessed with a randomized control trial (RCT). In order to evaluate the combined clinical effectiveness of TCE for KOA, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the existing RCTs on KOA. Methods: A systematic search was performed in four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE from the time of their inception to February 2020. All eligible RCTs were included in which TCE was utilized for treating KOA as compared to a control group. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias following the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCT. The symptoms of KOA evaluated by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were regarded as the primary outcomes in this study. Each outcome measure was pooled by a standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A meta-analysis was applied with a random or fixed effect model for the collected data to calculate the summary SMD with 95% CI based on different statistical heterogeneity. In addition, subgroup analyses were used to investigate heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis was carried out for the results of the meta-analysis. Egger’s test and the funnel plots were used to examine the potential bias in the RCTs. Results: A total of 14 RCTs involving 815 patients with KOA were included. Compared with a control group; the synthesized data of TCE showed a significant improvement in WOMAC/KOOS pain score (SMD = −0.61; 95% CI: −0.86 to −0.37; p < 0.001), stiffness score (SMD = −0.75; 95% CI: −1.09 to −0.41; p < 0.001), and physical function score (SMD = −0.67; 95% CI: −0.82 to −0.53; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggested that TCE may be effective in alleviating pain; relieving stiffness and improving the physical function for patients with KOA. Yet; given the methodological limitations of included RCTs in this meta-analysis; more high-quality RCTs with large sample size and long-term intervention are required to further confirm the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of TCE for treating KOA.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruojin Li & Hongwei Chen & Jiahao Feng & Ying Xiao & Haoyang Zhang & Christopher Wai-Kei Lam & Hong Xiao, 2020. "Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Exercise for Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:7873-:d:435512
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lijuan Guo & Zhaowei Kong & Yanjie Zhang, 2019. "Qigong-Based Therapy for Treating Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-11, March.
    2. Liye Zou & Yangjie Zhang & Jeffer Eidi Sasaki & Albert S. Yeung & Lin Yang & Paul D. Loprinzi & Jian Sun & Shijie Liu & Jane Jie Yu & Shengyan Sun & Yuqiang Mai, 2019. "Wuqinxi Qigong as an Alternative Exercise for Improving Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-15, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nai-Yu Ko & Chih-Ning Chang & Chu-Han Cheng & Hui-Kung Yu & Gwo-Chi Hu, 2022. "Comparative Effectiveness of Focused Extracorporeal versus Radial Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis—Randomized Controlled Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-11, July.

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