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Building Vulnerability in a Changing Climate: Indoor Temperature Exposures and Health Outcomes in Older Adults Living in Public Housing during an Extreme Heat Event in Cambridge, MA

Author

Listed:
  • Augusta A. Williams

    (Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • John D. Spengler

    (Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • Paul Catalano

    (Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • Joseph G. Allen

    (Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • Jose G. Cedeno-Laurent

    (Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

Abstract

In the Northeastern U.S., future heatwaves will increase in frequency, duration, and intensity due to climate change. A great deal of the research about the health impacts from extreme heat has used ambient meteorological measurements, which can result in exposure misclassification because buildings alter indoor temperatures and ambient temperatures are not uniform across cities. To characterize indoor temperature exposures during an extreme heat event in buildings with and without central air conditioning (AC), personal monitoring was conducted with 51 (central AC, n = 24; non-central AC, n = 27) low-income senior residents of public housing in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 2015, to comprehensively assess indoor temperatures, sleep, and physiological outcomes of galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR), along with daily surveys of adaptive behaviors and health symptoms. As expected, non-central AC units (T mean = 25.6 °C) were significantly warmer than those with central AC (T mean = 23.2 °C, p < 0.001). With higher indoor temperatures, sleep was more disrupted and GSR and HR both increased ( p < 0.001). However, there were no changes in hydration behaviors between residents of different buildings over time and few moderate/several health symptoms were reported. This suggests both a lack of behavioral adaptation and thermal decompensation beginning, highlighting the need to improve building cooling strategies and heat education to low-income senior residents, especially in historically cooler climates.

Suggested Citation

  • Augusta A. Williams & John D. Spengler & Paul Catalano & Joseph G. Allen & Jose G. Cedeno-Laurent, 2019. "Building Vulnerability in a Changing Climate: Indoor Temperature Exposures and Health Outcomes in Older Adults Living in Public Housing during an Extreme Heat Event in Cambridge, MA," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:13:p:2373-:d:245491
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ramakrishnan, Sayanthan & Wang, Xiaoming & Sanjayan, Jay & Wilson, John, 2017. "Thermal performance of buildings integrated with phase change materials to reduce heat stress risks during extreme heatwave events," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 410-421.
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    1. Ming Hu & Kai Zhang & Quynh Camthi Nguyen & Tolga Tasdizen & Krupali Uplekar Krusche, 2022. "A Multistate Study on Housing Factors Influential to Heat-Related Illness in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.

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