IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v15y2018i8p1785-d164630.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk of PAHs in Different Layers of Soil in the Petroleum-Contaminated Areas of the Loess Plateau, China

Author

Listed:
  • Di Wang

    (College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China)

  • Jing Ma

    (Inspection and Testing Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Institute of Agricultural Survey and Design, Yinchuan 750002, China)

  • Hao Li

    (Inspection and Testing Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Institute of Agricultural Survey and Design, Yinchuan 750002, China)

  • Xingchang Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China)

Abstract

The three most representative areas of petroleum pollution on the Loess Plateau are the research subjects of this study. In this study, 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by the QuEChERS method combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The total concentrations of ∑16PAHs in top layer soils (0–10 cm), middle layer soils (10–30 cm), and bottom layer soils (30–50 cm) ranged from 1010.67 to 18,068.80, 495.85 to 9868.56 and 213.16 to 12,552.53 μg/kg, with an average of 5502.44, 2296.94 and 2203.88 μg/kg, respectively. The 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs were the most prominent components in all soil samples. Meanwhile, the average value of ∑16PAHs decreased with the depth, from 5502.44 μg/kg (0–10 cm) to 2203.88 μg/kg (30–50 cm). The PAHs levels in the studied soils were heavily polluted (over 1000 μg/kg) according to the Soils Quality Guidelines and 95% of PAHs come from petroleum sources. Moreover, the total of PAHs in petroleum-contaminated soils was assigned a high ecological risk level. Toxic equivalency quantities (TEQs) indicated that PAHs in petroleum-contaminated soils presented relatively high toxicity.

Suggested Citation

  • Di Wang & Jing Ma & Hao Li & Xingchang Zhang, 2018. "Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk of PAHs in Different Layers of Soil in the Petroleum-Contaminated Areas of the Loess Plateau, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:8:p:1785-:d:164630
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/8/1785/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/8/1785/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lijun Wang & Shengwei Zhang & Li Wang & Wenjuan Zhang & Xingmin Shi & Xinwei Lu & Xiaoping Li & Xiaoyun Li, 2018. "Concentration and Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soil in the Typical Semi-Arid City of Xi’an in Northwest China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Jianling Xu & Hanxi Wang & Lianxi Sheng & Xuejun Liu & Xiaoxue Zheng, 2017. "Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Momoge Wetland, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, January.
    3. Yuyun Chen & Rui Jia & Shengke Yang, 2015. "Distribution and Source of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Water Dissolved Phase, Suspended Particulate Matter and Sediment from Weihe River in Northwest China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-16, November.
    4. Haihua Jiao & Qi Wang & Nana Zhao & Bo Jin & Xuliang Zhuang & Zhihui Bai, 2017. "Distributions and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils around a Chemical Plant in Shanxi, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-19, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yuhui Jiang & Yixuan Shang & Shuyao Yu & Jianguo Liu, 2018. "Dechlorination of Hexachlorobenzene in Contaminated Soils Using a Nanometallic Al/CaO Dispersion Mixture: Optimization through Response Surface Methodology," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Xueli Wang & Chenyang Li & Xiaoyu Yuan & Shengke Yang, 2020. "Contamination Level, Distribution Characteristics, and Ecotoxicity of Tetrabromobisphenol A in Water and Sediment from Weihe River Basin, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, May.
    3. Huanling Wu & Binghua Sun & Jinhua Li, 2019. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments/Soils of the Rapidly Urbanized Lower Reaches of the River Chaohu, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.
    4. Sławomir Józef Krzebietke & Ewa Mackiewicz-Walec & Stanisław Sienkiewicz & Jadwiga Wierzbowska & Dariusz Załuski & Agata Borowik, 2022. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil at Different Depths under a Long-Term Experiment Depending on Fertilization," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-13, August.
    5. Xueli Wang & Xiaoyu Yuan & Shengke Yang & Yaqian Zhao, 2018. "Concentrations, Distributions, and Risk Assessment of HBCD in Sediment in the Weihe River Basin in Northwest China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-11, October.
    6. Krystyna Ciarkowska & Messias de Carvalho & Florian Gambus, 2022. "Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Sources and Vertical Distribution in Soils of the Age-Diverse Brownfields of Southern Poland Using Positive Matrix Factorisation and Data Mining Mod," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, October.
    7. Aleksandra Góralczyk-Bińkowska & Andrzej Długoński & Przemysław Bernat & Jerzy Długoński & Anna Jasińska, 2022. "Accelerated PAH Transformation in the Presence of Dye Industry Landfill Leachate Combined with Fungal Membrane Lipid Changes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-19, October.
    8. Li Ji & Wenwen Li & Yuan Li & Qiusheng He & Yonghong Bi & Minghua Zhang & Guixiang Zhang & Xinming Wang, 2022. "Spatial Distribution, Potential Sources, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Surface Soils under Different Land-Use Covers of Shanxi Province, North China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, September.
    9. Di Wang & Shilei Zhu & Lijing Wang & Qing Zhen & Fengpeng Han & Xingchang Zhang, 2020. "Distribution, Origins and Hazardous Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Topsoil Surrounding Oil Fields: A Case Study on the Loess Plateau, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-14, February.
    10. Georgia C. Ntroumpogianni & Eleni Giannoutsou & Amalia D. Karagouni & Alexandros L. Savvides, 2022. "Bacterial Isolates from Greek Sites and Their Efficacy in Degrading Petroleum," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-15, August.
    11. Dandan Zhao & Hong S. He & Wen J. Wang & Jiping Liu & Haibo Du & Miaomiao Wu & Xinyuan Tan, 2018. "Distribution and Driving Factors of Forest Swamp Conversions in a Cold Temperate Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-14, September.
    12. Tekleweini Gereslassie & Ababo Workineh & Xiaoning Liu & Xue Yan & Jun Wang, 2018. "Occurrence and Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from Wuhan, Central China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:8:p:1785-:d:164630. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.