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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments/Soils of the Rapidly Urbanized Lower Reaches of the River Chaohu, China

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  • Huanling Wu

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
    Key Laboratory of Aqueous Environment Protection and Pollution Control of Yangtze River in Anhui of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246001, Anhui, China)

  • Binghua Sun

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China)

  • Jinhua Li

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
    School of Life Science, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China)

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly teratogenic, persistent carcinogens, and ubiquitous environmental pollutants. To determine the impact of rapid urbanization on sediment/soil PAHs, we collected 30 cm soil cores in ditch wetlands, riverine wetlands, and agricultural lands along the lower reaches of the Shiwuli River feeding Chaohu Lake, China. Ecological risk effects were evaluated by two models based upon Benzo[ a ]pyrene toxic equivalency (TEQ-B a P) and total toxic units (TUs). The presence of PAHs, such as BbF, BkF, InP, and BgP, that are known pollutants of concern, suggests certain ecological risks. The concentration of PAHs in the surface layer followed in the order of: ditch wetlands (617.2 ng/g average), riverine wetlands (282.1 ng/g average), agricultural lands (103.7 ng/g average). PAHs in ditch sediments were vertically distributed evenly, and PAHs in agricultural soils were concentrated in the surface soil. In riverine wetland sediments, the 2-, 3-, and 4-ring PAHs had a uniform distribution, whereas the 5- and 6-ring PAHs were concentrated in the surface soil. Redundancy analysis (RDA) explored the correlation between the environmental properties and the occurrence of PAHs. Total organic carbon ( p = 0.010), percent clay ( p = 0.020), and distance ( p = 0.020) were the primary factors in ditch wetlands. Depth ( p = 0.010) and distance ( p = 0.006) were the main factors in agricultural lands. There were no significant correlations in riverine wetlands. The correlation between the distance from the built-up urban areas and pollutant concentration showed that the closer the distance, the greater the concentration of PAHs.

Suggested Citation

  • Huanling Wu & Binghua Sun & Jinhua Li, 2019. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments/Soils of the Rapidly Urbanized Lower Reaches of the River Chaohu, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:13:p:2302-:d:244058
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Haihua Jiao & Qi Wang & Nana Zhao & Bo Jin & Xuliang Zhuang & Zhihui Bai, 2017. "Distributions and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils around a Chemical Plant in Shanxi, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-19, October.
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