Author
Listed:
- Lijun Wang
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-Environmental Health, Xi’an 710062, China)
- Shengwei Zhang
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)
- Li Wang
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)
- Wenjuan Zhang
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)
- Xingmin Shi
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)
- Xinwei Lu
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)
- Xiaoping Li
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-Environmental Health, Xi’an 710062, China)
- Xiaoyun Li
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, presenting potential threats to the ecological environment and human health. Sixty-two urban soil samples were collected in the typical semi-arid city of Xi’an in Northwest China. They were analyzed for concentration, pollution, and ecological and health risk of sixteen U.S. Environmental Protection Agency priority PAHs. The total concentrations of the sixteen PAHs (Σ16PAHs) in the urban soil ranged from 390.6 to 10,652.8 µg/kg with an average of 2052.6 µg/kg. The concentrations of some individual PAHs in the urban soil exceeded Dutch Target Values of Soil Quality and the Σ16PAHs represented heavy pollution. Pyrene and dibenz[a,h]anthracene had high ecological risk to aquatic/soil organisms, while other individual PAHs showed low ecological risk. The total ecological risk of PAHs to aquatic/soil organisms is classified as moderate. Toxic equivalency quantities (TEQs) of the sixteen PAHs varied between 21.16 and 1625.78 µg/kg, with an average of 423.86 µg/kg, indicating a relatively high toxicity potential. Ingestion and dermal adsorption of soil dust were major pathways of human exposure to PAHs from urban soil. Incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) of human exposure to PAHs were 2.86 × 10 −5 for children and 2.53 × 10 −5 for adults, suggesting that the cancer risk of human exposure to PAHs from urban soil is acceptable.
Suggested Citation
Lijun Wang & Shengwei Zhang & Li Wang & Wenjuan Zhang & Xingmin Shi & Xinwei Lu & Xiaoping Li & Xiaoyun Li, 2018.
"Concentration and Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soil in the Typical Semi-Arid City of Xi’an in Northwest China,"
IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, March.
Handle:
RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:4:p:607-:d:138233
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Citations
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Cited by:
- Di Wang & Jing Ma & Hao Li & Xingchang Zhang, 2018.
"Concentration and Potential Ecological Risk of PAHs in Different Layers of Soil in the Petroleum-Contaminated Areas of the Loess Plateau, China,"
IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-15, August.
- Yuhui Jiang & Yixuan Shang & Shuyao Yu & Jianguo Liu, 2018.
"Dechlorination of Hexachlorobenzene in Contaminated Soils Using a Nanometallic Al/CaO Dispersion Mixture: Optimization through Response Surface Methodology,"
IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-13, April.
- Tekleweini Gereslassie & Ababo Workineh & Xiaoning Liu & Xue Yan & Jun Wang, 2018.
"Occurrence and Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from Wuhan, Central China,"
IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, December.
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